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The Resurrection
The Resurrection

The first man on earth was Adam a.s. And all of mankind descended from his progeny -
The story of the creation of Prophet Adam - I -

The first man on earth was Adam a.s. And all of mankind descended from his progeny -

The story of the creation of Prophet Adam - I -

Allah Almighty revealed in the Quran (what means): "And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels: 'Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority.' They said: 'Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we declare Your praise and sanctify You?' He [Allah] said: 'Indeed, I know that which you do not know.' And He taught Aadam the names - all of them. Then He showed them to the angels and said: 'Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful.' They said: 'Exalted are You; we have no knowledge except what You have taught us. Indeed, it is You who is the Knowing, the Wise.' He said: 'O Aadam! Inform them of their names.' And when he had informed them of their names, He said: 'Did I not tell you that I know the unseen [aspects] of the heavens and the earth? And I know what you reveal and what you have concealed.' And [mention] when We said to the angels: 'Prostrate before Aadam'; so they prostrated, except for Iblees [Satan]. He refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers. And We said: 'O Aadam! Dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will. But do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers.' But Satan caused them to slip out of it and removed them from that [condition] in which they had been. And We said: 'Go down, [all of you], as enemies to one another, and you will have upon the earth a place of settlement and provision for a time.' Then Aadam received from his Lord [some] words, and He accepted his repentance. Indeed, it is He who is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful. We said: 'Go down from it, all of you. And when guidance comes to you from Me, whoever follows My guidance - there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve. And those who disbelieve and deny Our signs - those will be companions of Fire; they will abide therein eternally.'"[Quran 2:30-39]

Almighty Allah also revealed (what means): "And We have certainly created you, [O mankind], and given you [human] form. Then We said to the angels: 'Prostrate to Aadam'; so they prostrated, except for Iblees. He was not of those who prostrated. [Allah] said: 'What prevented you from prostrating when I commanded you?' [Satan] said: 'I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay [i.e. earth].' [Allah] said: 'Descend from it [i.e. Paradise], for it is not for you to be arrogant therein. So get out; indeed, you are of the debased.' [Satan] said: 'Reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected.' [Allah] said: 'Indeed, you are of those reprieved.' [Satan] said: 'Because You have put me in error, I will surely sit in wait for them [i.e. mankind] on Your straight path. Then I will come to them from before them and from behind them and on their right and on their left, and You will not find most of them grateful [to You].' [Allah] said: 'Get out of it [i.e. Paradise], reproached and expelled, Whoever follows you among them - I will surely fill Hell with you, all together.' And: 'O Aadam! Dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat from wherever you will but do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers.' But Satan whispered to them to make apparent to them that which was concealed from them of their private parts. He said: 'Your Lord did not forbid you this tree except that you become angels or become of the immortal.' And he swore [by Allah] to them: 'Indeed, I am to you from among the sincere advisors.' So he made them fall, through deception. And when they tasted of the tree, their private parts became apparent to them, and they began to fasten together over themselves from the leaves of Paradise. And their Lord called to them: 'Did I not forbid you from that tree and tell you that Satan is to you a clear enemy?' They said: 'Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers.' [Allah] said: 'Descend, being to one another enemies. And for you on the earth is a place of settlement and enjoyment [i.e. provision] for a time.' He said: 'Therein you will live, and therein you will die, and from it you will be brought forth.'” [Quran 7:11-25]

When Allah the Almighty created Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, He addressed His angels and told them to prostrate before him. The purpose behind that was not to ask their opinion or take their advice, for He is above that. Allah the Exalted told them that He was going to create a vicegerent on the earth who would have offspring. That is why the angels said to Allah the Almighty (what means): "…Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood…" [Quran: 2:30]

According to the prominent Muslim scholar Qataadah, may Allah have mercy upon him, it was said that the angels were informed about the creation of Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, and his progeny by the jinn who lived before Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention. Abdullaah bin 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the jinn had existed for many years before Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, and had shed one another's blood. Therefore, Allah sent on them an army of angels that drove them out to the depths of the seas. Ibn Abu Haatim, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that the angels were informed by Allah that man would cause wickedness and shed blood on earth.

Whether or not these traditions are correct, the angels did understand that Allah would create a vicegerent on earth. Allah the Almighty announced that He was going to create a human being out of clay, that He would mould him and blow His spirit into him and that the angels should then prostrate before him.

Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam (may Allah exalt his mention) said: "Allah created Aadam from a handful of dust taken from different lands, so the children of Aadam have been created according to the composition of the land. Therefore from mankind we have white, red, black and yellow; we have good and evil, ease and sorrow, and what comes in between them." [Al-Bukhari]

So Allah shaped Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, into a human being; but he remained a figure of clay for forty years. The angels went past him. They were seized with fear by what they saw, and Iblees felt the most fear. He would pass by the figure of Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, buffeting it, which would make a sound like pottery. Allah Says (what means): "He created man [Aadam] from clay like [that of] pottery." [Quran: 55:14]

When the time drew near to breathe the spirit into Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, as Allah decreed, He commanded the angels (what means): "When I breathe My spirit into him, prostrate before him." [Quran 15:29] Allah breathed His spirit into Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, and when it reached his head, Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, sneezed. The angels said to him: "Say: 'All praise belongs to Allah.'" Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, repeated: "All praise belongs to Allah." Allah said to him: "Your Lord has granted you mercy." When the spirit reached his eyes, Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, looked at the fruits of Paradise. When it reached his abdomen, he, may Allah exalt his mention, craved for food. He jumped hurriedly before the spirit could reach his legs, so that he could eat from the fruits of Paradise.

Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, opened his eyes and saw all the angels prostrating before him except one being, who was standing at a distance. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, did not know what kind of creature it was that did not prostrate before him, nor did he know its name. Iblees was standing with the angels so as to be included in the command given to them, but he was not one of them - he was a jinn. What is clear is that this prostration was to show respect and did not mean that the angels were worshipping Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention. Prostrating in worship is done only for Allah.

Iblees believed that he was more honourable than Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention. Therefore, he abstained from prostrating, even though Allah had commanded him to do so, just as He had commanded the angels.

Iblees tried in vain to justify his refusal; he said (what means): "…'Should I prostrate to one You created from clay? Do you see this one who You have honoured above me? If you delay me [i.e., my death] until the Day of Resurrection, I will surely destroy [i.e., lead astray] his descendants, except for a few.'" [Quran: 17:61-62]

Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was following what was happening around him and had feelings of love, awe, and astonishment - deep love of Allah, who had created and glorified him and who had made His angels prostrate before him; awe of the Creator's wrath when He excluded Iblees from His mercy. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was surprised by this creature, Iblees, who abhorred him without even knowing him and who imagined himself better than him without having proved that he was worthier. What a strange creature Iblees was, and how strange was his excuse for not prostrating!

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The story of Prophet Adam – II

Allah commanded Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, to dwell in Paradise Saying (what means): "…‘O Aadam! Dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will. But do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers.'" [Quran: 2:35]

The location of this Paradise is unknown to us. The Quran did not mention it, and the Quranic commentators have five different opinions on this. Some said that it was the Paradise of our refuge, and that its place was heaven. Others rejected that statement because if it was the Paradise of refuge, Iblees (Satan) would have been forbidden admission, and disobedience in it would have been forbidden as well. Still others said that it was another paradise that was created by Allah for Aadam and Hawwaa` (Eve), may Allah exalt their mention. A fourth group said it was a paradise on the earth located in a high place. Another group of commentators have stated that one should not speculate about this.

We agree with this last opinion, as the lesson we learn from its location is immaterial compared to the lesson we learn from the events that took place there.
Aadam and Hawwaa`, may Allah exalt their mention, were admitted to Paradise and there they lived the dream of all human beings. Allah permitted them to approach and enjoy everything except one tree; He Says (what means):"…‘Do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers.'" [Quran 2:35]

Aadam and Hawwaa’, may Allah exalt their mention, understood that they were forbidden to eat the fruit of that tree. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was, however, a human being, and man tends to forget. His heart changes and his will weakens. Satan summoned all the envy within him and took advantage of Aadam's humanity to exploit him. He started to whisper to him day after day, coaxing him, as this verse states (which means):"…‘Shall I direct you to the tree of eternity and possession that will not deteriorate?’" [Quran 20:120] He said to them (what means): "'Your Lord did not forbid you this tree except that you become angels or become of the immortal.' And he swore [by Allah] to them: 'Indeed, I am to you from among the sincere advisors.'" [Quran: 7:20-21]
Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, asked himself: "What will happen if I eat from this tree? It might truly be the tree of eternity." His dream was to live forever in the pure innocence of Paradise.

Years went by, and Aadam and Hawwaa’, may Allah exalt their mention, were preoccupied with thoughts of that tree. Then, one day, they decided to eat of its fruit. They forgot that Allah had warned them not to approach it and that Satan was their sworn enemy. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, stretched out his hand, picked one of the fruits, and offered it to Hawwaa’, may Allah exalt her mention. They both ate of the forbidden tree.

Allah Almighty tells us (what means): "So he [Satan] made them fall…" [Quran: 7:22] Allah also says what means: "…And Aadam disobeyed his Lord and erred." [Quran: 20:121]

At that moment, their eyes were opened to the fact that they were naked, and so they took the leaves of a fig tree to cover themselves. Wahb bin Munabbih who was a Muslim scholar from the second generation, said that their clothing was made of light on the private parts of both of them.

Allah the Almighty Says (what means): "O Children of Aadam! Let not Satan tempt you as he removed your parents [Aadam and Hawwaa’] from Paradise stripping them of their clothing to show them their private parts. Indeed, he sees you, he and his tribe, from where you do not see them. Indeed, We have made the devils allies to those who do not believe." [Quran: 7:27]

Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, had hardly finished eating when he felt his heart contract, and he was filled with pain, sadness and shame. The surrounding atmosphere and his mood had changed. He discovered that he and his wife were naked, so they both started cutting tree leaves with which to cover themselves. Allah the Almighty then addressed them (with what means): "…'Did I not forbid you from that tree and tell you that Satan is to you a clear enemy?' They said: 'Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers.' [Allah] said: 'Descend, being to one another [Aadam, Hawwaa’, and Satan] enemies. And for you on the earth is a place of settlement and enjoyment [i.e., provision] for a time.' He said: 'Therein you will live, and therein you will die, and from it you will be brought forth.'" [Quran: 7:22-25]

Imaam Ibn 'Asaakir who was a prominent Muslim scholar, narrated that Allah commanded two angels to remove Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, from His holy proximity. So Jibreel (Gabriel), may Allah exalt his mention, stripped him of the crown on his head, and Meekaa'eel (Michael) took the diadem from his forehead. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, thought that his punishment had been hastened and bowed down crying: "Forgiveness! Forgiveness!" Allah Said: "Are you running away from Me?" Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, replied: "No, my Lord, but I am shy of You."

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The story of Prophet Adam - III

On earth, Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, had to face conflict and struggle. No sooner had one ended than another began. He also had to toil to sustain himself. He had to protect himself with clothes and weapons and protect his wife and children from wild beasts. Above all, he had to struggle with the spirit of evil. Iblees (Satan), the cause of his expulsion from Paradise continued to beguile him and his children in order to have them thrown into the eternal Hellfire. The battle between good and evil is continuous, but those who follow Allah's guidance should fear nothing while those who disobey Allah and follow Iblees will be damned along with him.
Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, grasped all of this and with the knowledge of this challenge began his life on the earth. The only relief for his grief was that as master of the earth he had to make it yield to him. He was the one who had to perpetuate, cultivate, construct and populate the earth. He had to procreate and raise the children necessary to change and improve the world.
The pinnacle of earthly bliss was reached when Aadam and Hawaa', may Allah exalt their mention, witnessed the birth of their first set of twins. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was a devoted father and Hawaa', may Allah exalt her mention, a contented mother. The twins were Qaabeel (Cain) and his sister. Later, Hawaa', may Allah exalt her mention, gave birth to a second set of twins, Haabeel (Abel) and his sister. The family enjoyed the bounties and fruits of the earth provided by their Lord. The children grew up to be strong and healthy young adults. Qaabeel tilled the land while Haabeel raised cattle.
The time arrived when the two young men desired life partners. This was part of Allah’s plan for mankind, to multiply and form nations with different cultures and colours. Allah revealed to Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, that he should marry each son to the twin sister of the other. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, instructed his children according to Allah's command, but Qaabeel was displeased with the partner chosen for him, for Haabeel's twin sister was not as beautiful as his own.
It appears that since the beginning of time, physical beauty has been a factor in the attraction between man and woman. This attraction caused Qaabeel to envy his brother Haabeel. He rebelled against Allah's command by refusing to accept his father's advice.
Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was in a dilemma. He wanted peace and harmony in his family, so he invoked Allah for help. Allah commanded that each son offer a sacrifice, and he whose offering was accepted would have right on his side. Haabeel offered his best camel while Qaabeel offered his worst grain. His sacrifice was not accepted by Allah because of his disobedience to his father and the insincerity in his offering.
This enraged Qaabeel even further. Realising that his hopes of marrying his own beautiful sister were fading, he threatened his brother. "I will kill you! I refuse to see you happy while I remain unhappy!" he said.
Haabeel, feeling sorry for his brother, replied: "It would be more proper for you, my brother, to search for the cause of your unhappiness and then walk in the way of peace. Allah accepts deeds only from those who serve and fear Him, not from those who reject His commands."
Haabeel was intelligent, obedient, and always ready to obey the will of Allah. This contrasted sharply with his brother who was arrogant, selfish and disobedient to his Lord. Haabeel did not fear his brother's threats, but he did not want his brother to be hurt. Allah had blessed Haabeel with purity and compassion.
Hoping to dispel the hatred seething in his brother, Haabeel said: "My brother, you are deviating from the right path and are sinful in your decisions. It is better that you repent to Allah and forget about your foolish threat. But if you do not, then I will leave the matter in the hands of Allah. You alone will bear the consequence of your sin, for the Fire is the reward of the wrong-doers."
This brotherly plea did nothing to lessen the hatred in Qaabeel's heart, nor did he show fear of Allah's punishment. Even familial considerations were cast aside. Qaabeel struck his brother with a stone killing him instantly. This was the first death and the first criminal act committed by man on earth.
When Haabeel had not appeared for some time, Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, began to search for him but found no trace of his beloved son. He asked Qaabeel about Haabeel's whereabouts. Qaabeel insolently replied that he was neither his brother's keeper nor his protector. From these words his father understood that Haabeel was dead and Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was filled with grief.
Meanwhile, Qaabeel did not know what to do with his brother's corpse. He carried it on his back wandering from place to place trying to hide it. His anger had now subsided and his conscience was saddled with guilt. He was tiring under the burden of the corpse which had started to have a stench. As a mercy, and to show that dignity could be retained even in death, Allah sent two ravens that began fighting, causing the death of one. The victorious bird used its beak and claws to dig a hole in the ground, rolled its victim into it and covered it with sand.
Witnessing this, Qaabeel was overcome with shame and remorse. "Woe unto me!" he exclaimed. "I was unable to do what this raven has done, that is to hide my brother's corpse." Qaabeel then buried his brother. This was also the first burial of man.
Allah, the Almighty, revealed (what means): "And recite to them the story of Aadam’s two sons, in truth, when they both offered a sacrifice [to Allah], and it was accepted from one of them but was not accepted from the other. Said [the latter]: 'I will surely kill you.' Said [the former]: 'Indeed, Allah only accepts from the righteous [who fear Him]. If you should raise your hand against me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand against you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds. Indeed, I want you to obtain [thereby] my sin and your sin so you will be among the companions of the Fire. And that is the recompense of wrongdoers.' And his soul permitted to him the murder of his brother, so he killed him and became among the losers. Then Allah sent a crow searching [i.e. scratching] in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace of his brother. He said: 'O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the disgrace [i.e. body] of my brother?' And he became of the regretful."[Quran 5:27-31]
Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, was utterly grief-stricken by the loss of his two sons. One was dead; the other was won over by the devil. Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, prayed for his son and turned to mundane matters, for he had to toil for his sustenance. At the same time he was a Prophet advising his children and grandchildren, telling them about Allah and calling them to believe in Him. He told them about Iblees and warned them by recounting his own experience with the devil and how the devil had tempted Qaabeel to kill his brother.
Years and years passed, Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, grew old and his children spread all over the earth. Imaam Muhammad Ibn Is-Haaq related that when Aadam's death drew near, he appointed his son Sheeth (Seth) to be his successor and taught him the hours of the day and night along with their appropriate acts of worship.
Ubayy Ibn Ka'b, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "When Aadam's death was near, he said to his children: 'O my children! Indeed I feel an appetite for the fruits of Paradise.' So they went away searching for what Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, had requested. They met with the angels, who had with them his shroud and what he was to be embalmed with. They said to them: 'O Children of Aadam! What are you searching for? What do you want? Where are you going?' They replied: 'Our father is sick and has an appetite for the fruits of Paradise.' The angels said to them: 'Go back, for your father is going to meet his end soon.' So they returned with the angels and when Hawaa', may Allah exalt her mention, saw them, she recognised them. She tried to hide herself behind Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention. He said to her. 'Leave me alone. I came before you; do not go between me and the angels of my Lord.' So they took his soul, embalmed and wrapped him, dug the grave and laid him in it. They prayed for him and put him in his grave, saying: 'O Children of Aadam! This is your tradition at the time of death.'"
Before his death, Aadam, may Allah exalt his mention, reassured his children that Allah would not leave man alone on the earth, but would send His prophets to guide them. The prophets would have different names, traits and miracles, but they would be united in one thing - the call to worship Allah Alone.

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The Prophet Adam and Human Evolution

Praise be to Allah, the supreme Creator, Fashioner of mankind, Sustainer of the universe. All is His divine will, and his command is executed immediately. May peace and blessings be upon Muhammad, who came from the noble Adam, created and fashioned from clay, and preceded by none. The theory of human evolution, namely that man descended from apes, is widely accepted amongst non-Muslims although there have been many non-Muslim scientists, atheists included, who argue that it is flawed. As an opinion, it was wholly rejected by all Muslims as it goes against their basic knowledge that Allah created Adam with his own hands, from clay, in the physical form of a human being, and then breathed life into it. Even so, there have been a few Muslims over the years that have endorsed the theory attempting to initiate a discussion on the topic, whilst there are non-Muslims who criticize us for being ‘simple-minded’ and ‘scientifically inconsistent’. Due to such attacks, some Muslims felt inferior and thought that the problem could be rectified by an acceptance of the evolution theory, or at least accepting it as a valid alternative. However, the decisive verses of the Qur’an as well as the ahadith (Prophetic narrations) provide a problem for such an undertaking, and so we find that there are mistakes and random misinterpretations. Of course, those of truth will always oppose such heresy, to which these Muslim evolutionists, if there ever was such a term!, respond that “we believe in the existence of Allah, the initial Creator, yet what is wrong in concluding that the way in which God created all human beings, including the first human, Adam, was by means of evolution, and namely, non-human parents who descended from apes?” Such people insist that this latest version of the theory is compatible with revelation given that there is no unequivocal scriptural text to deny it! In order to deal with such unfounded claims, I would like to approach the issue in a scholastic and systematic manner so as to demonstrate how theological deviancy comes about through incompetence in systematically and rationally deriving meaning from the scriptural texts. It is due to this incompetence (that we should all be aware of so we save ourselves) that some attempt to legitimize the theory of human evolution and others unrecognized views that accompany it. It is commonly believed that the Qur’an and the ahadith (Prophetic traditions) are the only sources of Islamic authority, yet we find that one of the primary causes of an individual’s theological (and legal) deviancy is the attempt to fully understand the divine texts by his/herself, with complete disregard for the profound understandings and well-substantiated views of hundreds of thousands of Muslim scholars from around the world who have contributed to the vast corpus of Islamic scholarship over the last 1400 years. The irony of such disregard is that Muslim proponents of the evolution process completely brush aside Islamic scholarly consensus yet are the first to advocate the (supposed) consensus of non-Muslim scientists! It is clear that priorities are misplaced, for in glorifying western scientists the proponents of human evolution neglect the intellectual aptitude of Muslim scholars, particularly, the early scholars who were extremely astute and would, with all dedication, intensely scrutinize each and every aspect of the Islamic religion prior to any form of endorsement or inclination towards a given view – in fact, it is only very recently that scientists have adopted the same level of rigor. Given such a profound analysis, none of Islam’s scholars, let alone the greatest amongst them, ever articulated the view that Adam came into existence as a result of some evolutionary process. In fact, none of Islam’s early scholars ever even considered the possibility of Adam being created in stages of existence, or that he experienced childhood at some time of his life. In adopting a religious opinion which is counter to a scholarly consensus made up of thousands of Muslim scholars over a long period of time, the proponents of human evolution expose their distorted outlook on Islamic knowledge and the Muslims scholars (as a collective) whom Allah has appointed as trustees of the faith. Such an attitude implies that Allah, may he be free from such an implication, has allowed the entire Muslim Ummah, over a period spanning more than a millennium, to deviate from the truth whilst the correct view is uncovered by (theological) laymen in recent times! Disregarding the binding legacy of scholastic consensus goes against plain old common sense and a number of verses and Prophetic traditions that state that scholars, not as individuals but as a collective, are the trustees of the faith. The explicit statements are numerous, such as Allah’s statement, {And We sent not (as Our Messengers) before you (O Muhammad SAW) any but men, whom We inspired,} [An-Nahl 16:43], {وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالًا نُّوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ...} النحل: 43 Transliteration: Wama arsalna min qablika illa rijalan noohee ilayhim {…so ask the people of the Reminder [Scriptures - the Taurat (Torah), the Injeel (Gospel)] if you do not know.} [Al-Anbiyaa’ 21:7]. {...فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ} الأنبياء: 7 Transliteration: faisaloo ahla alththikri in kuntum la taAAlamoona And the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) saying, “The scholars are the inheritors of the Prophets.” [Authenticated by Al-Albani]. «...إن العلماء هم ورثة الأنبياء...» صححه الألباني To believe that Adam had monkey-like parents (despite the fact that overwhelming evidences go against it) and to completely abandon the consensus of Muslims is indicative of deep-rooted arrogance, a rejection of the clear evidences, or ignoring the correct methodology in understanding the divine texts. For example, the first step of a sound methodology would be to analyze whether the conclusion is consistent with the Arabic language, since Arabic is the primary tool used in interpreting divine revelation, and so, any interpretation that fails to fall within the framework of the Arabic language is one that is redundant. For example, the Arabs did not consider the phrase kun fa yakun (be! And it is/was) to be an indefinite period of time, for indeed, the phrase illustrates the power and might of God that His will is manifested immediately and decisively, without delay. Even the phrase “be! And it is/was” in English implies it (whatever it is) happens instantaneously, and to argue otherwise would be a distortion of the English language! Another key principle that must be established when dealing with scripture is the inter-contextualization of the entire divine text - in order to correctly interpret the Qur’an and ahadith we must approach them, not as solitary verses, but as one coherent and homogeneous unit that affords a holistic interpretation, and not an interpretation based on preconceived ideas that singles out isolated verses so as to misconstrue them. Indeed, to approach the divine scriptures having already decided the matter is an insincere attempt to justify one’s belief, and to approach them enquiring into what Allah has ordained, in an open an unbiased way, is to demonstrate the sincere intention to receive guidance. Another irony is the fact that the evolutionists try to place a theory (evolution) over fact (the Qur’an and ahadith). Do we not ponder why it is still considered a theory despite the fact that the idea has been around, in some popular form, since Darwin and is promoted so fanatically by its protagonists? It is truly unfortunate to see those who ascribe to Islam promote the theory of human evolution, and then do so by relying on mutashabih (ambiguous) verses of the Qur’an, some of which are clear kinaya1 (metonyms), and leave off muhkam (explicit) verses. This is precisely what Allah warns us against, saying, {So as for those in whose hearts there is a deviation (from the truth) they follow that which is not entirely clear thereof, seeking Al-Fitnah (polytheism and trials, etc.), and seeking for its hidden meanings, but none knows its hidden meanings save Allah.} [Aal-‘Imran 3:7]. {...فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَابْتِغَاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ...} آل عمران: 7 Transliteration: faamma allatheena fee quloobihim zayghun fayattabiAAoona ma tashabaha minhu ibtighaa alfitnati waibtighaa taweelihi wama yaAAlamu taweelahu illaAllahu Evolution, in relating to man, is such an unfounded concept that to engage with it on par with academic and intellectual standards is to afford it credence, it being deserving of nothing but aversion. I could perhaps list all of the scientific inaccuracies of claiming that Adam came from apes, but as a Muslim it is more than sufficient to adopt the understanding of the scholars rather than derive a misconstrued meaning from a lone verse or hadith. This should be the case with any Muslim who believes that Allah has ordained certain measures to guard Islam against innovation, and hence, I shall, very limitedly, mention a small number of proofs which, for the benefit of the Muslim masses, simply expose the foolishness of this supposition. The Qur’an clearly states that Adam was created by Allah, and with His own hands, {(Allah) said: "O Iblis (Satan)! What prevents you from prostrating yourself to one whom I have created with Both My Hands.} [Saad 38:75]. {قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَن تَسْجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ...} ص: 75 Transliteration: Qala ya ibleesu ma manaAAaka an tasjuda lima khalaqtu biyadayya In addition, the famous Companion, Abdullah ibn Umar, said, “Allah created four things with His hand: the Throne, the Pen, the Garden of Eden and Adam. To the rest of His creation He said, ‘Be!’ and it was.” (2) [Al-Albani said its chain of transmission is authentic according to the condition of Muslim]. This narration clearly shows that the Companions believed that these four things, Adam included, were created in a way different to other animals and creatures. The authenticated ahadith furnish us with further examples that leave no doubt whatsoever that this was an actual act performed by Allah. For example, the Messenger of Allah said that on the Last Day, mankind would go from Prophet to Prophet requesting intercession; they would go to Adam and say, “You are the father of mankind, Allah created you with His hands, had the angels prostrate to you, and taught you the names of all things.” [Authenticity agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim; a mutawaatir hadith]. «يجمع المؤمنون يوم القيامة، فيقولون: لو استشفعنا إلى ربنا فيريحنا من مكاننا هذا، فيأتون آدم فيقولون له: أنت آدم أبو البشر، خلقك الله بيده، وأسجد لك الملائكة، وعلمك أسماء كل شيء...» متفق عليه If Adam was created from a ‘despised drop’ and like all other human beings, then what is the point of singling him out as being created by Allah’s hands? {Verily, the likeness of 'Iesa (Jesus) before Allah is the likeness of Adam. He created him from dust, then (He) said to him: "Be!" - and he was.} [Aal-‘Imran 3:59]. {إِنَّ مَثَلَ عِيسَىٰ عِندَ اللَّـهِ كَمَثَلِ آدَمَ ۖ خَلَقَهُ مِن تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ كُن فَيَكُونُ} آل عمران: 59 Transliteration: Inna mathala AAeesa AAinda Allahi kamathali adama khalaqahu min turabin thumma qala lahu kun fayakoonu This verse is often quoted in isolation from the reasons for which it was revealed, thus, some evolutionists claim that the verse asserts that Jesus and Adam were born in the same way – through the womb of a female. Such an interpretation is deceptive as a brief look into the sabab al-nuzul (causes for revelation) quickly makes clear that the verse was revealed to repudiate the Christian argument that proof of Jesus’ divinity is his having no earthly father. The verse states that Adam had no parents whatsoever, being created instead from earth, yet this did not make him divine; the comparison then was between the single parent of Jesus and the absence of parents in regards to Adam. The Qur’an informs us that Allah {And He taught Adam all the names (of everything),…} [Al-Baqarah 2:31]. {وَعَلَّمَ آدَمَ الْأَسْمَاءَ كُلَّهَا...} البقرة: 31 Transliteration: WaAAallama adama alasmaa kullaha And so, we resolutely know that Allah engaged Adam directly. Allah also says, {O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam), and from him (Adam) He created his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], and from them both He created many men and women…} [An-Nisaa’ 4:1]. {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً...} النساء: 1 Transliteration: Ya ayyuha alnnasu ittaqoo rabbakumu allathee khalaqakum min nafsin wahidatin wakhalaqa minha zawjahawabaththa minhuma rijalan katheeran wanisaan {It is He Who has created you from a single person (Adam), and (then) He has created from him his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], in order that he might enjoy the pleasure of living with her.} [Al-A’raaf 7:189]. {هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا لِيَسْكُنَ إِلَيْهَا...} الأعراف: 189 Transliteration: Huwa allathee khalaqakum min nafsin wahidatin wajaAAala minha zawjahaliyaskuna ilayha {O mankind! We have created you from a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know one another…} [Al-Hujurat 49:13]. {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ وَأُنثَىٰ وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ شُعُوبًا وَقَبَائِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوا...} الحجرات: 13 Transliteration: Ya ayyuha alnnasu inna khalaqnakum min thakarin waontha wajaAAalnakum shuAAooban waqabaila litaAAarafoo If we were to ignorantly suppose that Adam was born of evolved apes, we would then be positing, according to the verses above, that the creation of Hawwa’ was ever so more significant than that of Adam as she was not born but actually fashioned, by God, from Adam. Thus, in negating the instantaneous creation of Adam, the evolutionist is still left having to affirm the instantaneous creation of Hawwa’! And it is this fact, from amongst the many, that exposes the nonsense spewed by evolutionists, for in striving to negate a miracle of God (the creation of Adam), they resort to having to affirm it elsewhere (the creation of Hawwa’), that is, if they can resist the urge to deny the book of God outrightly. The story of the Sabbath-breakers is well known whereby Allah cursed the disobedient and turned them into monkeys and pigs (3). How then, can the honored sons of Adam (4)actually come from that which is considered a curse? Of course, in being honored, it is only logical to conclude that either humans haven’t come from apes, or that we negate the maskh itself and claim that the Sabbath-breakers did not turn into apes and pigs. Even if we were to state, for the sake of argument, that the transformation was metaphorical, the essential point still remains that they were cursed by taking on qualities of monkeys and apes. Correspondingly, there are various contradictions that arise in relation to Adam and Hawwa’ when attempting to scripturally justify human evolution. There are various mutawatir texts that confirm that Adam and Hawwa’ lived as spouses and that mankind came from the two, indeed the textual evidences regarding this point are particularly decisive. Furthermore, it seems quite an irrational interpretation that Allah mentions Hawwa’ as being brought into existence through Allah’s direct involvement, yet Adam; the first human being receives no such honour! It is extremely clear that the evolutionists and their deviant ideas refuse to acknowledge the entire textual discourse surrounding the creation of Adam, instead using solitary verses as a justification for evolutionist beliefs. Thus, in order to attempt some form of reconciliation between the two accounts, the evolutionist must adapt the Qur’an to fit the theory, or the theory to fit the Qur’an, or transform both equally, and in every case, each possibility is as preposterous as the others, all serving as evil paths to heresy. In going beyond the Qur’an, we find that the ahadith are full with authentic narrations concerning the creation of Adam, and in keeping with deceitful intent we find that many liberals and evolutionists completely ignore the existence of such ahadith. Indeed they have to, for the shari’ah of Allah is preserved through the Prophetic narrations and so the evolutionists will do anything to maintain their secular outlook on the Islamic faith. In fact, the notion of evolution is deeply secular as it divorces the involvement of God in creation and attempts to posit Nietzsche’s opinion that if there is a god, then he merely initiated creation (which grew on its own) and that god is now non-existent or dead – we seek protection from Allah from such profanity. We find that Anas ibn Malik relates from the Prophet, “When Allah fashioned Adam in Paradise, He left him as He willed. Iblis then wandered around him examining him. Upon seeing him as hollow from within, he recognized that Adam had been created with a disposition that he would not have control over himself.” [Muslim]. «لما صور الله آدم في الجنة تركه ما شاء الله أن يتركه. فجعل إبليس يطيف به. ينظر ما هو. فلما رآه أجوف عرف أنه خلق خلقا لا يتمالك» رواه مسلم I have not seen any scholar, past or present, who affords science the authority to determine how Adam was created. In cases where scholars do refer to science (in a limited capacity), they tend to provide their conclusions and then either explicitly/implicitly mention that this matter should be dealt with through science. In numerous verses the Qur’an commands mankind to reflect on the various types of creation, the alternation of day and night, and the celestial orbit of planets, but there is no indication whatsoever of an evolved Adam. In fact, the Qur’an describes the process of human creation in the womb but discounts the evolution of humans from monkey-like beings. If it is argued that the lack of evolutionary descriptions in the Qur’an is due to evolution’s complex nature, then we retort with the fact that so too is the process of foetal development, yet revelation informs us of it and to its fullest extent. There are countless texts that can be analyzed, but to do so would make this article voluminous. However, even light analysis of the Qur’an and Sunnah makes it exceedingly evident that such heretical beliefs have no place within Islamic thought - the Companions and early Muslims all understood the manner in which Adam was created by Allah and it is preposterous to claim that Allah revealed scripture that was misunderstood by all of the aforementioned, yet the Most High did not rectify their misreading! Is the creation of Adam a scientific or religious matter? In reality, there is no disparity between religious creed and science, and if there seems to be so, it inevitably implies that there has been some form of misunderstanding, either in terms of our religious or scientific knowledge. However, a decisive part of being Muslim is to acknowledge that the information related by way of the Qur’an and Sunnah entails certainty, whereas any other knowledge that we acquire is prone to human error. Thus, if the scriptures posit anything related to science and the overwhelming majority of scholars affirm its meaning, then we have to believe in it accordingly as such knowledge is fact-based and not merely human perception. The Qur’an and Sunnah address various disciplines such as science, history, geography, anthropology, politics and others. Whatever is mentioned there should be adopted as an aspect of our faith, {And those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in it; the whole of it (clear and unclear Verses) are from our Lord."} [Aal-‘Imran 3:7]. {... وَالرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُونَ آمَنَّا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَبِّنَا...} آل عمران: 7 Transliteration: waalrrasikhoona fee alAAilmi yaqooloona amanna bihi kullun min AAindi rabbina Failing to do so suggests either one’s negation of more than half of the Qur’an, or accepting a text which is essentially devoid of meaning as it ends up meaning anything we desire it to, and this is how many of the obdurate fall into disbelief. For example, it has been repeatedly argued that the Qur’an is not a book of history, and so, the heretics argue that we are not obligated to believe historical details which Allah has revealed. Of course, the Qur’an is not a book of many things, but that is not to suggest that various topics are touched upon. Indeed, Allah says, {There is not a moving (living) creature on earth, nor a bird that flies with its two wings, but are communities like you. We have neglected nothing in the Book, then unto their Lord they (all) shall be gathered.} [Al-An’aam 6:38]. {وَمَا مِن دَابَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا طَائِرٍ يَطِيرُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ إِلَّا أُمَمٌ أَمْثَالُكُم ۚ مَّا فَرَّطْنَا فِي الْكِتَابِ مِن شَيْءٍ ۚ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يُحْشَرُونَ} الأنعام: 38 Transliteration: Wama min dabbatin fee alardi walatairin yateeru bijanahayhi illa omamun amthalukum ma farratna fee alkitabi min shayin thumma ila rabbihim yuhsharoona The ruling concerning the belief in Adam’s primate descendants Restricting the discussion merely to a ruling may be counterproductive as anyone who mistakenly concludes that it is not kufr (disbelief) will assume such profanation is to be tolerated, and so therefore, the main issue is not the ruling of such an immoral belief and whether it is kufr, but instead the gravity of this belief and what it signifies - it is the negation of what the ummah has endorsed as well as being in violation of countless proofs that state otherwise. Endorsing the presumption that humans evolved necessitates accepting reprehensible beliefs about the noble Prophet, Adam, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, and that his parents were either apes or ape-like beings! It is to insult the station of prophethood by claiming that Adam was taken care of by human-like baboons. Were Adam’s parents able to speak or did they merely grunt? Were they obliged to worship Allah or not? What was the extent of Adam’s cognitive faculties? Do human beings now have more advanced faculties than he did – have they evolved since his time on earth? How is it that the Qur’an disregards a significant aspect of Adam’s life although he discusses, in detail, what was before it and what came after. If we believe that Allah is the Creator and can create anything, then what is wrong in accepting that he created Adam directly from clay, fashioned him, and brought him to life instantaneously? What is it that they negate? Why do we need to distort the meanings of countless Qur’anic verses in favor of a theory that continually changes? Must we negate the numerous and authentic ahadith that clearly establish a non-evolutionist narrative? In conclusion, to use the theory of Darwin or any other theory that stems from it in order to justify the wicked belief that Adam was born of non-human parents is, in essence, to deny the existence of Allah as supreme creator who creates from nothing by mere command. It is this method of creating (although there are other ways as well) that establishes Allah’s rububiyyah (lordship), for in affirming unjustified theories of human evolution we make chance the creator, since anything that is created exists merely because chance decided so. But Allah says, {Or do they assign to Allah partners who created the like of His creation, so that the creation (which they made and His creation) seemed alike to them." Say: "Allah is the Creator of all things, He is the One, the Irresistible."} [Ar-Ra’d 13:16]. {...أَمْ جَعَلُوا لِلَّـهِ شُرَكَاءَ خَلَقُوا كَخَلْقِهِ فَتَشَابَهَ الْخَلْقُ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ قُلِ اللَّـهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ} الرعد: 16 Transliteration: am jaAAaloo lillahi shurakaa khalaqoo kakhalqihi fatashabaha alkhalqu AAalayhim quli Allahu khaliqu kulli shayin wahuwa alwahidu alqahharu I call upon those who believe and adhere to Islam to affirm the clear and decisive Qur’anic revelations and lucid ahadith, all of which negate the notion of human evolution, let alone Adam having non-human parents. I also call upon them to make the Islamic texts the primary source of authority in all of their affairs, since (Allah) the One who reveals revelation is most knowledgeable about the affairs of the universe. Let us not allow those of no faith to dictate our readings of scripture, our implementation of the Islamic faith, or our notions of what is to be deemed as being most superior, both in terms of creed and actions. For those Muslims who endorse the theory of human evolution, contemplate the scripture with a believing and unbiased heart whilst keeping in mind the Sunnah of Allah’s noble Messenger. Strive against egotism and haughtiness and do not fear the criticisms of the disbelievers. Allah says, {So flee to Allah (from His Torment to His Mercy Islamic Monotheism), verily, I (Muhammad SAW) am a plain warner to you from Him. (50) And set not up (or worship) any other ilahan (god) along with Allah [Glorified be He (Alone), Exalted above all that they associate as partners with Him]. Verily, I (Muhammad SAW) am a plain warner to you from Him.} [Az-Zaryiyat 51:50-51]. {فَفِرُّوا إِلَى اللَّـهِ ۖ إِنِّي لَكُم مِّنْهُ نَذِيرٌ مُّبِينٌ ﴿٥٠﴾ وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا مَعَ اللَّـهِ إِلَـٰهًا آخَرَ ۖ إِنِّي لَكُم مِّنْهُ نَذِيرٌ مُّبِينٌ} الذاريات: 50-51 Transliteration: Fafirroo ila Allahi innee lakum minhu natheerun mubeenun (50) Wala tajAAaloo maAAa Allahi ilahan akhara innee lakum minhu natheerun mubeenun Allah knows best. May peace and blessings be upon the Prophet, his family, his Companions, and all those who follow them in righteousness and the correct creed.

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Allah created Adam a.s. The first man on earth -

Reference Link
[Source ; www.australianislamiclibrary.org]

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Every person will be resurrected according to the deed he died upon

All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. We ask Allaah to exalt his mention as well as that of his family and all his companions.

Texts prove that the people will be resurrected upon the deeds they last performed in this worldly life and the age they died. The Prophet said: "Every person will be resurrected according to the deed he died upon." [Muslim] When the people of Paradise will enter Paradise and the denizens of Hellfire will enter Hellfire, their images and ages will change, and they will be thirty three years of age. The Prophet said: "The people of Paradise will enter Paradise unclothed, their eyes darkened with kohl, aged thirty or thirty three years old.” [Ahmad and At-Tirmithi] Furthermore, the Prophet said about the non-Muslims: "The tooth of a non-Muslim is as big as the mountain of Uhud, and the thickness of his skin is the distance that could be travelled by a quick horse rider in three days." [Muslim] At-Tirmithi reported the narration with the following wording: "The thickness of the flesh of a non-Muslim is equal to forty two cubits length, and his tooth is as big as the mountain of Uhud, and his place in Hellfire is like the distance from Makkah to Madeenah."

Allaah Knows best.
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People's appearance on the Day of Judgment

All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad is His Slave and Messenger.
The texts state that people will be resurrected in the same form that they were born; Allaah says (what means): {[It will be said to them], “And you have certainly come to Us alone [i.e. individually] as We created you the first time.} [Quran 6:94] Besides, Ibn ‘Abbaas said: the Prophet delivered a speech and said: "O people, you will be resurrected (and assembled) to Allaah bare-footed, naked and uncircumcised." Then the Prophet recited the Verse: {As We began the first creation, We will repeat it. [That is] a promise binding upon Us. Indeed, We will do it.} [Quran 21:104] [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
When the people of Paradise will enter Paradise and the people of Hellfire will enter Hellfire, their images and ages will change; they will be thirty or thirty-three years old. The Prophet said: “The people of Paradise will enter Paradise hairless, beardless and with kohl (collyrium) in their eyes, aged thirty or thirty-three years.” [Ahmad and At-Tirmithi - Al-Albaani said it is Hasan (good) in Takhreej Ahaadeeth Al-Mishkaah]
Another narration by At-Tabaraani and Ibn Abi Ad-Dunya has the following addition: “…They will be in the shape of Aadam - sixty cubits tall and seven cubits wide."
Another narration by At-Tirmithi, which Shaykh Al-Albaani classified as weak, reads: “Whoever of the people of Paradise dies, young or old, will be aged thirty in Paradise and will never grow older, and the same applies to the people of Hell.”
As regards the non-Muslims (disbelievers) and their huge bodies, a Hadeeth of the Prophet reads: “The molar tooth of an unbeliever is as large as Uhud (a mountain in Madeenah) and the thickness of his skin is equivalent to three days journey for a fast rider.” [Muslim]
Also, At-Tirmithi, reported the Hadeeth with the following wording: “The thickness of the skin of a disbeliever is 42 cubits, and his molar tooth is as large as Uhud and his sitting place (i.e. the place that he physically occupies when sitting) in Hellfire is like the distance between Makkah and Madeenah.”
As regards what you mentioned in the question that some people will come (on the Day of Judgment) in the images of pigs and some others will be very short, we have not come across anything like this in the many reliable books that we have at hand.
Allaah Knows best.

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Creationism, Evolution, Intelligent Design or Islam?

Since 2008-07-01 Creationism, natural selection, intelligent design, the theory of evolution. Thinking about the creation of the world, the universe, and humankind can be confusing. There are theories, opinions, and beliefs. The creation of the universe was a random act, humankind evolved from apes, living creatures climbed out of the primordial swamp, science proves some sort of intelligence designed the universe. Confused? You should be, because that is not all. There is also neo creationism , old earth creationism, flood geology, the big bang theory, evolutionary biology, the common descent theory, and macroevolution. What does it all mean? For many people it must be a kind of lottery, or a theory of the year choice. Each group has its evidence, some believe in God, others do not. Some use science to prove their opinions, others use the book of Genesis or other creation myths. In Islam, the story of creation is clear. There are no partly formed theories or strange opinions to add to the confusion. The creation of the world and all that exists is attributed to God. The most merciful, most wise, most forgiving. {God created the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, in six days.} [Quran 7:54] {إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ} [الأعراف:٥٤] Transliteration: 'Inna Rabbakumu Allāhu Al-Ladhī Khalaqa As-Samāwāti Wa Al-'Arđa Fī Sittati 'Ayyāmin {Then He completed and finished from their creation seven heavens in two Days and He made in each heaven its affair. And We adorned the nearest (lowest) heaven with lamps (stars) to be an adornment as well as to guard (from the devils by using them as missiles against the devils). Such is the Decree of Him the All-Mighty, the All-Knower.} [Quran 41:12] {فَقَضَاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَأَوْحَىٰ فِي كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ أَمْرَهَا ۚ وَزَيَّنَّا السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا بِمَصَابِيحَ وَحِفْظًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ} [فصلت:١٢] Transliteration: Faqađāhunna Sab`a Samāwātin Fī Yawmayni Wa 'Awĥá Fī Kulli Samā'in 'Amrahā Wa Zayyannā As-Samā'a Ad-Dunyā Bimaşābīĥa Wa Ĥifžāan Dhālika Taqdīru Al-`Azīzi Al-`Alīmi {And indeed, We created man from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud.} [Quran 15:26] {وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنسَانَ مِن صَلْصَالٍ مِّنْ حَمَإٍ مَّسْنُونٍ} [الحجر:٢٦] Transliteration: Wa Laqad Khalaqnā Al-'Insāna Min Şalşālin Min Ĥama'iin Masnūnin {And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: "I am going to create a man (Adam) from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud.} [Quran 15:28] {وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خَالِقٌ بَشَرًا مِّن صَلْصَالٍ مِّنْ حَمَإٍ مَّسْنُونٍ} [الحجر:٢٨] Transliteration: Wa 'Idh Qāla Rabbuka Lilmalā'ikati 'Innī Khāliqun Basharāan Min Şalşālin Min Ĥama'iin Masnūnin God created Adam the father of humankind from mud (clay, soil, earth, or dust mixed with water), he created his wife Eve from a rib bone. The traditions of Prophet Muhammad relate that God created Eve while Adam was sleeping, from his shortest left rib and that, after sometime, she was clothed with flesh. God then endowed Adam and Eve with the ability to procreate. {God has created every moving (living) creature from water. Of them, some creep on their bellies, some that walk on two legs, and some that walk on four. God creates what He wills. Verily! God is Able to do all things.} [Quran 24:45] {وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَ كُلَّ دَابَّةٍ مِّن مَّاءٍ ۖ فَمِنْهُم مَّن يَمْشِي عَلَىٰ بَطْنِهِ وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَمْشِي عَلَىٰ رِجْلَيْنِ وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَمْشِي عَلَىٰ أَرْبَعٍ ۚ يَخْلُقُ اللَّهُ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ} [النور:٤٥] Transliteration: Wa Allāhu Khalaqa Kulla Dābbatin Min Mā'in Faminhum Man Yamshī `Alá Baţnihi Wa Minhum Man Yamshī `Alá Rijlayni Wa Minhum Man Yamshī `Alá 'Arba`in Yakhluqu Allāhu Mā Yashā'u 'Inna Allāha `Alá Kulli Shay'in Qadīrun {And God said: 'O Mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam) and from Him (Adam) He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women.'} [Quran 4:1] {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً} [النساء:١] Transliteration: Yā 'Ayyuhā An-Nāsu Attaqū Rabbakumu Al-Ladhī Khalaqakum Min Nafsin Wāĥidatin Wa Khalaqa Minhā Zawjahā Wa Baththa Minhumā Rijālāan Kathīrāan Wa Nisā'an {And indeed We created man (Adam) out of an extract of clay (water and earth). Thereafter We made him (the offspring of Adam) as a Nutfah (mixed drops of the male and female sexual discharge) (and lodged it) in a safe lodging (womb of the woman). Then We made the Nutfah into a clot (a piece of thick coagulated blood), then We made the clot into a little lump of flesh, then We made out of that little lump of flesh bones, then We clothed the bones with flesh, and then We brought it forth as another creation. So blessed be God the Best of creators.} [Quran 23: 12 -14] {وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنسَانَ مِن سُلَالَةٍ مِّن طِينٍ ﴿١٢﴾ ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاهُ نُطْفَةً فِي قَرَارٍ مَّكِينٍ ﴿١٣﴾ ثُمَّ خَلَقْنَا النُّطْفَةَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْعَلَقَةَ مُضْغَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْمُضْغَةَ عِظَامًا فَكَسَوْنَا الْعِظَامَ لَحْمًا ثُمَّ أَنشَأْنَاهُ خَلْقًا آخَرَ ۚ فَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ} [المؤمنون:12-١٤]. Transliteration: Wa Laqad Khalaqnā Al-'Insāna Min Sulālatin Min Ţīnin (12) Thumma Ja`alnāhu Nuţfatan Fī Qarārin Makīnin (13) Thumma Khalaqnā An-Nuţfata `Alaqatan Fakhalaqnā Al-`Alaqata Muđghatan Fakhalaqnā Al-Muđghata `Ižāmāan Fakasawnā Al-`Ižāma Laĥmāan Thumma 'Ansha'nāhu Khalqāan 'Ākhara Fatabāraka Allāhu 'Aĥsanu Al-Khāliqīna In Islam, unlike other religions there are no great debates involving the separation of science and religion. Islam teaches us that great scientific discoveries and breakthroughs are simply evidence of the existence of God. If scientific theories conflict with the Quran and the authentic traditions of Prophet Muhammad Muslims simply reject them. However apart from the premise in Darwin's theory of evolution, that man is descended from apes, Quran, and modern science are remarkably in accord.

Reference Link

"Resurrection or Resuscitation?" By Ahmed Deedat
Reference Link

ADAM OR AADAM

Islam provides us with the astonishing details of the creation of Adam عليه السلام. He is the first human being and a Prophet of God on the face of the earth. He and his wife Hawwa(Eve), both were born without father and mother. Even Prophet Eesa عليه السلام(Called as JESUS by few) was born to virgin Mariam(Mary) without any male intervention, Qur’an surah Anbiya 21:91. The birth of Prophet Eesa عليه السلامwas not more supernatural than the creation of the father of whole mankind Adam عليه السلام.
Description of Adam’s عليه السلامCreation in the Qur’an
And Allah said to the angels: And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority." They said, "Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we declare Your praise and sanctify You?" Allah said, "Indeed, I know that which you do not know."

And He taught Adam عليه السلامthe names - all of them. Then He showed them to the angels and said, "Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful." Quran Surah 2:30,31

So begins the story of Adam عليه السلام, the first man, the first human being. God created Adam عليه السلامfrom a handful of soil containing portions from all its varieties on Earth. Angels were sent to earth to collect the soil that was to become Adam عليه السلام. It was red, white, brown, and black; it was soft and malleable, hard and gritty; it came from the mountains and the valleys; from infertile deserts and lush fertile plains and all the natural varieties in between. The descendants of Adam عليه السلامwere destined to be as diverse as the handful of soil from which their ancestor was created; all have different appearances, attributes and qualities.

And God said, to the Angels: And [mention] when We said to the angels, "Prostrate before Adam عليه السلام"; so they prostrated, except for Iblees. He refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers. Quran surah Baqrah 2:34

“And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: ‘I am going to create a human (Adam عليه السلام) from sounding clay of altered black smooth mud. So when I have fashioned him and breathed into him (his) soul created by Me, then you fall down prostrate to him.” Quran surah Baqrah Saad 38:71-72)

God honoured the first human, Adam عليه السلام, in countless ways. Allah blew his soul into him, He fashioned him with His own hands and He ordered the Angels to bow down before him.

The First Greeting
Adam عليه السلامwas instructed to approach a group of Angels sitting near to him and greet them with the words Assalamu alaikum (May God’s peace be upon you), they answered ‘and also upon you be God’s peace, mercy and blessings’. Sahih Muslim 2841

From that day forward these words became the greeting of those submitted to God. From the moment of Adam عليه السلام’s creation, we his descendents were instructed to spread peace.

The Creation of Hawwa(Eve)
Adam عليه السلامopened his eyes and looked into the beautiful face of a woman gazing down at him. Adam عليه السلامwas surprised and asked the woman why she had been created. She revealed that she was to ease his loneliness and bring tranquillity to him. The Angels questioned Adam عليه السلام. They knew that Adam عليه السلامpossessed knowledge of things they did not know about and the knowledge mankind would need to occupy the earth. They said ‘who is this?’ and Adam عليه السلامreplied ‘this is Eve’.

Eve is Hawwa in Arabic; it comes from the root word hay, meaning living. Eve is also an English variant of the old Hebrew word Havva, also deriving from hay. Adam عليه السلامinformed the Angels that Eve was so named because she was made from a part of him and he, Adam عليه السلام, was a living being.

Both Jewish and Christian traditions also maintain that Eve was created from Adam عليه السلام’s rib, although in a literal translation of the Jewish tradition, rib is sometimes referred to as side.

“And God said: ‘O Mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam عليه السلام) and from Him (Adam عليه السلام) He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women.’” Quran Surah Nisa 4:1

The traditions of Prophet Muhammad relate that Eve was created while Adam عليه السلامwas sleeping from his shortest left rib and that, after sometime, she was clothed with flesh. He (Prophet Muhammad) used the story of Eve’s creation from Adam عليه السلام’s rib as a basis for imploring people to be gentle and kind to women. “O Muslims! I advise you to be gentle with women, for they are created from a rib, and the most crooked portion of the rib is its upper part. If you try to straighten it, it will break, and if you leave it, it will remain crooked; so I urge you to take care of the women.”Saheeh Al-Bukhari 5185, 5186 (Vol.7: 114)

Dwelling in Paradise
Adam عليه السلامand Hawwa عليه السلامdwelt in tranquillity in Paradise. This, too, is agreed upon by Islamic, Christian and Jewish traditions. Islam tells us that all of Paradise was theirs to enjoy and God said to Adam عليه السلام, “eat both of you freely with pleasure and delight of things therein as wherever you will...”(Quran Surah 2:35) The Quran does not reveal the exact location of where this Paradise was; however, commentators agree that it is not on the earth, and that the knowledge of the location is of no benefit to mankind. The benefit is in understanding the lesson from the events that took place there.

God continued his instructions to Adam عليه السلامand Eve by warning them “...come not near this tree or you both will be of the wrongdoers.” Quran surah 2:35 The Quran does not reveal what type of tree it was; we have no details and seeking such knowledge also produces no benefit. What is understood is that Adam عليه السلامand Eve lived a tranquil existence and understood that they were forbidden to eat from the tree. However, Satan was waiting to exploit the weakness of mankind. Stories of the Prophets by Ibn Kathir

The Role of Satan
Satan was there in the Paradise of Adam عليه السلامand Eve and his vow was to misguide and deceive them and their descendents. Satan said: “…surely I will sit in wait against them (human beings) on Your Straight Path. Then I will come to them from before them and behind them, from their right and from their left…” Quran surah 7:16-17 Satan is arrogant, and considered himself better then Adam عليه السلام, and thus mankind. He is crafty and cunning, but ultimately understands the weakness of human beings; he recognises their loves and desires. Sheikh ibn Al Qayyim in Ighaathat al Lahfaan.

Satan did not say to Adam عليه السلامand Eve “go eat from that tree” nor did he out rightly tell them to disobey God. He whispered into their hearts and planted disquieting thoughts and desires. Satan said to Adam عليه السلامand Eve, “...Your Lord did not forbid you this tree save that you should become Angels or become of the immortals.” Quran surah 7:20 Their minds became filled with thoughts of the tree, and one day they decided to eat from it. Adam عليه السلامand Eve behaved as all human beings do; they became preoccupied with their own thoughts and the whisperings of Satan and they forgot the warning from God.

It is at this point that the Jewish and Christian traditions differ greatly from Islam. At no point do the words of God – the Quran, or the traditions and sayings of Prophet Muhammad(S) - indicate that Satan came to Adam عليه السلامand Eve in the form of a snake or serpent.

Islam in no way indicates that Eve was the weaker of the two, or that she tempted Adam عليه السلامto disobey God. Eating the fruit of the tree was a mistake committed by both Adam عليه السلامand Eve. They bear equal responsibility. It was not the original sin spoken about in Christian traditions. The descendents of Adam عليه السلامare not being punished for the sins of their original parents. It was a mistake, and God, in His infinite Wisdom and Mercy, forgave them both.

Hadith
In a tradition narrated to inform us of the importance of Fridays, the Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, said:

“The best of days on which the sun has risen is Friday. One this day Adam عليه السلامwas created, and on this day he was descended to earth.” Sahih Muslim 854

Words of Repentance
Many people misinterpret the words of repentance which Adam عليه السلامand Hawwa read for seeking forgiveness with Allah for their mistake. Quran describes it with clarity i: Then Adam عليه السلامreceived from his Lord [some] words, and He accepted his repentance. Indeed, it is He who is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful. Quran Surah Baqrah 2:37

The wordings of Dua are: Rabbana zalamna anfusana wa-il lam taghfir lana watarhamna la nakoonanna minaal khasireen

They said, "Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers." Quran Surah A’raf 7:23

Life on Earth
Adam عليه السلامand Hawwa عليه السلامleft Paradise and began their life on earth. God had prepared them in many ways. He gave them the experience of struggling against the whisperings and schemes of Satan. He taught Adam عليه السلامthe names of everything and instructed him in its properties and usefulness. Adam عليه السلامtook up his position as caretaker of the earth and Prophet of God.

Adam عليه السلام, the first Prophet of God was responsible for teaching his wife and offspring how to worship God and seek His forgiveness. Adam عليه السلامestablished the laws of God and set about trying to support his family and learning to subdue and care for the earth. His task was to perpetuate, cultivate, construct and populate; he was to raise children who would live according to God’s instructions and care for and improve the earth.

Adam عليه السلام’s First Four Children
Adam عليه السلامand Eve’s first children, Cain(Qabil) and his sister, were twins; Abel(Habil) and his sister, another set of twins, soon followed. Adam عليه السلامand his family lived in peace and harmony. Cain ploughed the earth while Abel raised livestock. Time passed and the occasion came for the sons of Adam عليه السلامto marry. A group of the companions of Prophet Muhammad including Ibn Abbas and Ibn Masud (May Allah be pleased with them) related that inter-marriage of the male of one pregnancy with the female of another had been the practice among Adam عليه السلام’s children. Therefore we know that God’s plan to fill the earth included each of Adam عليه السلام’s sons marrying the twin sister of the other.

It seems that beauty has played a part in the attraction of men and women since the beginning. Cain was not pleased with the partner chosen for him. Cain began to envy his brother and refused to obey the command of his father and, in doing so, he disobeyed God. God created man with both good and bad tendencies, and the struggle to overcome our baser instincts is part of His test for us.

God commanded that each son was to offer a sacrifice. His judgement would favour the son whose offer was the most acceptable. Cain offered his worst grain, but Abel offered his best livestock. God accepted Abel’s sacrifice, so Cain became enraged, threatening to kill his brother.

“And (O Muhammad) recite to them (the Jews) the story of the two sons of Adam عليه السلام(Abel and Cain) in truth; when each offered a sacrifice to God, it was accepted from the one but not from the other. The latter said to the former; ‘I will surely kill you.’” Quran Suarh Maidah 5:27

Abel advised his brother that God would accept good deeds from those that fear and serve Him, but reject the good deeds of those who are arrogant, selfish and disobedient towards God.

“The former said: ‘Verily God accepts only from those who are pious. If you do stretch your hand against me to kill me I shall never stretch my hand against you to kill you, for I fear God; the Lord of mankind, jinn, and all that exists.’” Quran Suarh Maidah 5:27-28

The First Murder on Earth
“So the self (base desires) of the other (latter one) encouraged him and made fair seeming to him the murder of his brother; he murdered him and became one of the losers.” Quran Suarh Maidah 5:30

Prophet Muhammad(S) informed us that Cain became angry and hit his brother over the head with a piece of iron. It was also said in another narration that Cain hit Abel over the head while he was sleeping.

“God sent a crow who scratched the ground to show him to hide the dead body of his brother. He (the murderer) said: ‘Woe to me! Am I not even able to be as this crow and to hide the dead body of my brother?’ Then he became one of those who regretted.” Quran Suarh Maidah 5:31

Adam عليه السلامwas devastated; he had lost both his first and second born sons. One had been murdered; the other was won over by mankind’s greatest enemy – Satan. Patiently, Adam عليه السلامprayed for his son, and continued to care for the earth. He taught his many children and grandchildren about God. He told them of his own encounter with Satan and advised them to beware of Satan’s tricks and schemes. Years and years passed, and Adam عليه السلامgrew old and his children spread out across the earth.

Narrated `Abdullah(R):Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Whenever a person is murdered unjustly, there is a share from the burden of the crime on the first son of Adam for he was the first to start the tradition of murdering." Sahih al-Bukhari 3335 (Vol. 4: 552) and 6867 (Vol. 9:6)

Adam عليه السلام’s Death
All of mankind are the children of Adam عليه السلام. In one narration, the Prophet Muhammad informed us that God showed Adam عليه السلامhis descendants. Adam عليه السلامsaw a beautiful light in Prophet David’s eyes and loved him, so he turned to God and said: “Oh God. Give him forty years from my life.” God granted Adam عليه السلامhis request, and it was written down and sealed.

Adam عليه السلام’s life span was supposed to be 1000 years but after 960 years the Angel of death came to Adam عليه السلام. Adam عليه السلامwas surprised and said “but I still have 40 years to live”. The angel of death reminded him of his gift of 40 years to his beloved descendant Prophet David, but Adam عليه السلامdenied it. Many, many years later, the last Prophet Muhammad(S) said: “Adam عليه السلامdenied so his offspring denied, Adam عليه السلامforgot and his offspring forget; Adam عليه السلامmade mistakes and his children make mistakes.” Jami At-Tirmidhi Vol. 1, Book 44, Hadith 3076

In Arabic the word for mankind is Insan and it comes from the root word nisyan to forget. This is part of human nature, mankind forgets, and when we forget we deny and reject. Adam عليه السلامforgot (he was not lying), and God forgave him. Adam عليه السلامthen submitted to the will of God and died. The Angels descended and washed the body of Prophet Adam عليه السلام عليه السلامan odd number of times; they dug the grave and buried the body of the father of mankind, Adam عليه السلام.

Adam’s successor
Before his death Adam عليه السلامreminded his children that God would never leave them alone or without guidance. He told them God would send other Prophets with unique names, traits and miracles, but they would all call to the same thing – the worship of the One True God. Adam عليه السلامappointed as his successor his son Seth(seeth).

Islam and Modern Science
In Islam, there is no conflict between faith in God and modern scientific knowledge. Indeed, for many centuries during the Middle Ages, Muslims led the world in scientific inquiry and exploration. The Quran itself, revealed around 14 centuries ago, is filled with facts and imagery that are supported by modern scientific findings. Three of those will be mentioned here. Of them, the development of language and mitrochondrial Eve (genetics) are relatively new areas of scientific research.

The Quran instructs Muslims to “contemplate the wonders of creation” Quran Surah 3:191

One of the items for contemplation is the statement: “Truly, I am going to create man from clay...” Quran Surah 38:71

Indeed, many elements present in the earth are also contained in the human body. The most critical component to land-based life is the top soil; that thin layer of dark, organically rich soil in which plants spread out their roots. It is in this thin, vital layer of soil that microorganisms convert raw resources, the minerals that constitute the basic clay of this topsoil, and make them available to the myriad forms of life around and above them.

Minerals are inorganic elements that originate in the earth which the body cannot make. They play important roles in various bodily functions and are necessary to sustain life and maintain optimal health, and thus are essential nutrients.[1] These minerals cannot be man made; they cannot be produced in a laboratory nor can they be manufactured in a factory
With cells consisting of 65-90% water by weight, water, or H2O, makes up most of the human body. Therefore most of a human body’s mass is oxygen. Carbon, the basic unit for organic molecules, comes in second. 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of just six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.[2]

The human body contains trace amounts of almost every mineral on earth; including sulphur, potassium, zinc, copper, iron, aluminium, molybdenum, chromium, platinum, boron, silicon selenium, molybdenum, fluorine, chlorine, iodine, manganese, cobalt, lithium, strontium, aluminium, lead, vanadium, arsenic, bromine and more.[3] Without these minerals, vitamins may have little or no effect. Minerals are catalysts, triggers for thousands of essential enzyme reactions in the body. Trace elements play a key role in the functioning of a healthy human being. It is known that insufficient iodine will induce a disease of the thyroid gland and a deficiency of cobalt will leave us without vitamin B12, and thus unable to manufacture red blood cells.

Another verse to contemplate is: “He taught Adam عليه السلامall the names of everything.” (Quran 2:31)

Adam عليه السلامwas taught the names of everything; the powers of reasoning and free will were given to him. He learned how to categorize things and understand their usefulness. Thus, God taught Adam عليه السلامlanguage skills. He taught Adam عليه السلامhow to think – to apply knowledge to solve problems, make plans and decisions and to achieve goals. We, the children of Adam عليه السلام, have inherited these skills in order that we can exist in the world and worship God in the best manner.

Linguists estimate that more than 3000 separate languages exist in the world today, all distinct, so that speakers of one cannot understand those of another, yet these languages are all so fundamentally similar that it is possible to speak of a “human language’ in the singular.[4]

Language is a special form of communication that involves learning complex rules to make and combine symbols (words or gestures) into an endless number of meaningful sentences. Language exists because of two simple principles, - words and grammar.

A word is an arbitrary pairing between a sound or symbol and a meaning. For example, in English the word cat does not look or sound or feel like a cat, but it refers to a certain animal because all of us memorized this pairing as children. Grammar refers to a set of rules for combining words into phrases and sentences. It may seem surprising, but speakers of all 3000 separate languages learned the same four rules of language.[5]

The first language rule is phonology – how we make meaningful sounds. Phonemes are basic sounds. We combine phonemes to form words by learning the second rule: morphology. Morphology is the system we use to group phonemes into meaningful combinations of sounds and words. A morpheme is the smallest, meaningful combination of sounds in a language. After learning to combine morphemes to produce words, we learn to combine words into meaningful sentences. The third language rule governs syntax or grammar. This set of rules specifies how we combine words to form meaningful phrases and sentences. The fourth language rule governs semantics – the specific meaning of words or phrases as they appear in various sentences or contexts.

All children, regardless of where in the world they are, go through the same four language stages because of innate language factors. These factors facilitate how we make speech sounds and acquire language skills. The renowned linguist Noam Chomsky says that all languages share a common universal grammar, and that children inherit a mental programme to learn this universal grammar.[6]

A third ayath to ponder is about progeniture: “O Mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person (Adam عليه السلام) and from Him (Adam عليه السلام) He created his wife (Eve), and from them both He created many men and women.” (Quran 4:1)

The realisation that all mtDNA lineages(Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas) can be traced back to a single origin is popularly called the “mitochondrial Eve” theory. According to top scientists[7] and cutting-edge research, everyone on the planet today can trace a specific part of his or her genetic heritage back to one woman through a unique part of our genetic makeup, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The mtDNA of “mitochondrial Eve” has been passed down through the centuries from mother to daughter (men are carriers, but don’t pass it on) and exists within all people living today.[8] It is popularly known as the Eve theory because, as can be deduced from the above, it is passed down through the X chromosome. Scientists are also studying DNA from the Y chromosome (perhaps to be dubbed the “Adam عليه السلامtheory”), which is passed only from father to son and is not recombined with the mother’s genes.

These are but three of the many wonders of creation God suggests we contemplate through his verses in the Quran. The entire universe, which was created by God, follows and obeys His laws. Therefore Muslims are encouraged to seek knowledge, explore the universe, and find the “Signs of God” in His creation.

http://www.askislampedia.com/wiki/-/wiki/English_wiki/Adam+or+Aadam

 

MAN’S RELATION TO CLAY AND WATER

Fourteen centuries ago, Allah sent down the Qur'an to mankind as a book of guidance. He called upon people to be guided to the truth by adhering to this book. From the day of its revelation to the day of judgement, this last divine book will remain the sole guide for humanity. The matchless style of the Qur'an and the superior wisdom in it are definite evidence that it is the word of God. In addition, the Qur'an has many miraculous attributes proving that it is a revelation from God. One of these attributes is the fact that a number of scientific truths that we have only been able to uncover by the technology of the 20th century were stated in the Qur'an 1,400 years ago.

Of course the Qur'an is not a book of science. However, many scientific facts that are expressed in an extremely concise and profound manner in its aayath have only been discovered with the technology of the 20th century. These facts could not have been known at the time of the Qur'an's revelation, and this is still more proof that the Qur'an is the word of God.

Quran on Clay
In the Quran, Allah reveals that the creation of man is a miracle. The first human being was created by Allah shaping clay into a human form and then breathing a soul into it, Allah says in Quran [So mention] when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create a human being from clay. So when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My [created] soul, then fall down to him in prostration."Quran Surah38:71-72
( إذ قال ربك للملائكة إني خالق بشرا من طينٍ ، فإذا سويته ونفخت فيه من روحي فقعوا له ساجدين ) سورة (ص) 71-72

and also says : Then inquire of them, [O Muhammad], "Are they a stronger [or more difficult] creation or those [others] We have created?" Indeed, We created men from sticky clay. Quran Surah37:11
( فاستفتهم أهم أشد خلقاً أم من خلقنا إنا خلقناهم من طين لازب) الصافات 11

When the human body is examined today, many elements present on the earth are also discovered to be found in the human body. Living tissues contain 95% carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur, with a total of 26 different elements. In another ayath of the Quran we are told: "We created man from an extract of clay" Quran Surah 23:12
(ولقد خلقنا الإنسان من سلالة من طين ) المؤمنون 12

The Arabic word "sulala," translated as "extract" in the ayath, means "representative example, essence or type of Clay." As we have seen, the information revealed in the Quran 1,400 years ago confirms what modern science tells us-the fact that the same elements as those found in the soil are employed in the human creation .

Components in Human Body
Below is a diagram showing the distribution of the elements in a 70-kilo human being.

Macro-minerals Gram

Quran on water
As we notice above water forms the main component of the human being and any other being . Allah says : " Allah created every [living] creature from water. Some of them go on their bellies, some of them on two legs, and some on four. Allah creates whatever He wills. Allah has power over all things" Quran Surah 24:45
( والله خلق كل دابة من ماء فمنهم من يمشي على بطنه ومنهم من يمشي على رجلين ومنهم من يمشي على أربع يخلق الله ما يشاء إن الله على كل شيء قدير) النور 45

" and We made from water every living thing? So will they not believe?" Quran Surah 21:30)
(وجعلنا من الماء كل شيء حي أفلا يؤمنون َ) الأنبياء 30

"And it is He Who created human beings from water and then gave them relations by blood and marriage. Your Lord is All-Powerful" Quran Surah 25:54
(وهو الذي خلق من الماء بشراً فجعله نسباً وصهراً وكان ربك قديراً ) الفرقان 54

When we look at the aayaath concerned with the creation of human beings and living things, we clearly see evidence of a miracle. One such miracle is of the creation of living things from water. It was only possible for people to come across that information, clearly expressed in those aayaath, hundreds of years afterwards with the invention of the microscope.

All life forms need water in order to survive. Animals in dry regions, therefore, have been created with mechanisms to protect their metabolisms from water loss and to ensure maximum benefit from water use. If water loss takes place in the body for any reason, and if that loss is not replaced, death will result in a few days. The famous 17th century scientist Jan Baptista van Helmont discovered in 1640s that water in the soil was the most important element of plant development. [2]


Hadith
Abû Mûsâ al-Ash`arî relates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Allah created Adam from a handful taken from all over the Earth. Therefore, the descendants of Adam came forth corresponding to the Earth. Some are red, some are white, and some are black, and some are intermediate between those. Some are easygoing, some are difficult, some are bad, and some are good.” The hadîth is related by al-Tirmidhî (2955) and Abû Dâwûd (4693). It is declared authentic by al-Albânî and others. [5]

Conclusion
The Qur'an is the Word of God
All that we have seen so far shows us one clear fact: the Qur'an is such a book that all the news related in it has proved to be true. Facts about scientific subjects and the news given about the future, facts that no one could have known at the time, were announced in its verses. It is impossible for this information to have been known with the level of knowledge and technology of the day. It is clear that this provides clear evidence that the Qur'an is not the word of man. The Qur'an is the word of the Almighty God, the Originator of everything and the One Who encompasses everything with His knowledge. In one verse, God says on the Qur'an "Do they not then consider the Quran carefully? Had it been from other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much contradictions." (Qur'an Surah 4:82) Not only are there no inconsistency in the Qur'an, but every piece of information it contains reveals the miracle of this divine book more and more each day.

What falls to man is to hold fast to this divine book revealed by God, and receive it as his one and only guide. In one of the verses, God calls out to us:
"And this is a Book We have sent down and blessed, so follow it and have fear of God so that hopefully you will gain mercy." (Qur'an Surah 6:155)
In His other aayaath, Allah remarks: "Say: 'It is the truth from your Lord. Let anyone who wishes to, believe, and let anyone who wishes to, disbelieve.'" (Qur'an Surah 18:29)
"No indeed! Truly it (the Qur'an) is a reminder, and whoever wills pays heed to it." (The Qur'an, 80:11-12)

Link

HUMAN EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE QUR'AN

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Every human being begins life as a single cell, formed when father's sperm fertilizes mother's egg. Fertilization normally takes place in the mother's Fallopian tube, which connects the uterus (womb) with the ovary. The uterus is the size and shape of a large pear: it is made of muscle and it stretches to allow the baby's growth throughout the months of pregnancy. [1]

Human prenatal development is divided into an embryonic period and a fetal period. The embryonic period begins with fertilization and ends eight weeks later. The staging of human embryos was introduced in 1914 by Franklin P. Mall at the Department of Embryology of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Mall's successor, George L. Streeter, later refined the classification of human embryos into 23 stages, or "developmental horizons".
Qur’an on Human Embryo
One of the most remarkable things about the Qur’an is that it contains many ayah that accurately describe natural phenomenon in various fields such as embryology, meteorology, astronomy, geology and oceanography etc.

In the Qur’an, Allah (Glory be to Him) speaks about the stages of man’s embryonic development 1,400 years before modern day scientists 'discovered' important information on creation of man and his development.

Allah (Glory be to Him) articulates in the Qur’an, “We created man from an extract of clay. Then We made him as a drop in a place of settlement, firmly fixed. Then We made the drop into an alaqah (leech, suspended thing and blood clot), then We made the alaqah into a mudghah (chewed substance)…” Qur’an.Surah Mu’minun 23:12-14

The Arabic word “alaqah” has three meanings:
1. Leech
2. Suspended thing
3. Blood clot

Leech:
When comparing a leech to an embryo in the alaqah stage, similarities are found. Also, the embryo at this stage obtains nourishment from the blood of the mother, similar to a leech.

Suspended thing:
During the alaqah stage, the embryo is suspended in the womb (uterus) of the mother.

Blood clot:
The external appearance of the embryo and its sacs during the alaqah stage are similar to that of a blood clot. This is due to the large amount of blood present in the embryo during this stage.

After the alaqah stage comes mudghah. “Mudghah” means “chewed substance”. If one were to chew a piece of gum and compare it to the embryo at this stage, we would conclude that the embryo resembles a chewed substance. This is due to sometimes (cells that form the vertebrae) at the back of the embryo that, according to Dr. Moore and Persaud, “somewhat resemble teeth marks in a chewed substance.” The Developing Human, Moore & Persaud, 5th edition, p. 79.

The Qur’an is also correct in stating that a baby inside the womb develops in stages:
‘He makes you, in the wombs of your mothers, in stages, one after another in three veils of darkness…’ Qur’an.Surah Zumar39:6. [3]

Hadith
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Masud®, Allah’s Messenger (May Allah honour Him and Grant Him peace)said: Verily your creation is on this wise. The constituents of one of you are collected for forty days in his mother's womb in the form of blood, after which it becomes a clot of blood in another period of forty days. Then it becomes a lump of flesh and forty days later Allah sends His angel to it with instructions concerning four things, so the angel writes down his livelihood, his death, his deeds and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion). Sahih Al Bukhari Vol 4: 549 and Sahih Al Muslim 6390. [4]

Points to ponder
How could Muhammad (May Allah honour Him and Grant Him peace) have possibly known all this 1,400 years ago when scientists have only recently discovered this using advanced equipment and powerful microscopes which did not exist at that time? Hamm and Leeuwenhoek were the first scientists to observe human sperm cells using an improved microscope in 1677 C.E. (more than 1,000 years after Muhammad, May Allah honour Him and Grant Him peace). They mistakenly thought that the sperm cell contained a miniature preformed human being that grew when it was deposited in the female genital tract. [The Developing Human, p.9]

Professor Keith Moore is one of the world's prominent scientists in the fields of anatomy and embryology and is the author of the book entitled the "Developing Human", which has been translated into eight languages. This book is considered a scientific reference work and was chosen by a special committee in the United States as the best book authored by one person. Dr. Keith Moore is a Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology at the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. In 1984, he received the most distinguished award presented in the field of anatomy in Canada, the J.C.B. Grant Award from the Canadian Association of Anatomists. He has directed many international associations, such as the Canadian and American Association of Anatomists and the Council of the Union of Biological Sciences.

In 1981, during the Seventh Medical Conference in Dammam, Saudi Arabia, Professor Moore said; "It has been a great pleasure for me to help clarify statements in the Qur’an about human development. It is clear to me that these statements must have come to Muhammad from God, or Allah, because almost all of this knowledge was not discovered until many centuries later. This proves to me that Muhammad must have been the messenger of God.” (Video tape link below).

Consequently, Professor Moore was asked the following question, "Does this mean that you believe that the Qur’an is the Word of God?" He replied; "I find no difficulty in accepting this."

This fact alone has been the cause of a number of distinguished scientists embracing Islam.

Conclusion
Think about the humans. How did we all get here? What is the nature of mankind? What causes us to act as we do? Are we ungrateful to the One who created us and sustains us? What is this clue? Think about yourself. Did you create yourself?