SUN’S ORBIT

SUN’S ORBIT

In 1512 the astronomer Nicholas Copernicus put forward his theory that the Sun is motionless at the centre of the solar system, and that the planets revolve around it.
The belief that the Sun is stationary was widespread amongst astronomers until the 20th century. It is now a well-established scientific fact that the Sun is not stationary, but is moving in an orbit around the centre of our Milky Way galaxy. The Quran mentions the orbit of the Sun:
“IT IS HE WHO CREATED NIGHT AND DAY, THE SUN AND THE MOON, EACH FLOATING IN ITS ORBIT.”[21:33]
The Quran would have been wrong according to astronomers just a couple of decades ago. But we now know that the Quranic account of the Sun’s motion is consistent with modern Astronomy.
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The Sun will be rolled up:

The sun on the day of judgement will be rolled up. One part of the sun will be folded up into the other part. Then it will be rolled up and thrown away. When this is done, its light will go away. Al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet said: "The sun and the moon will be rolled up on the Day of Judgement." Referenced Link

Benefits of Sunlight: A Bright Spot for Human Health

Vitamin D Production

Unlike other essential vitamins, which must be obtained from food, vitamin D can be synthesized in the skin through a photosynthetic reaction triggered by exposure to UVB radiation.
The efficiency of production depends on the number of UVB photons that penetrate the skin, a process that can be curtailed by clothing, excess body fat, sunscreen, and the skin pigment melanin. For most white people, a half-hour in the summer sun in a bathing suit can initiate the release of 50,000 IU (1.25 mg) vitamin D into the circulation within 24 hours of exposure; this same amount of exposure yields 20,000–30,000 IU in tanned individuals and 8,000–10,000 IU in dark-skinned people.
The initial photosynthesis produces vitamin D3, most of which undergoes additional transformations, starting with the production of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), the major form of vitamin D circulating in the bloodstream and the form that is routinely measured to determine a person’s vitamin D status. Although various cell types within the skin can carry out this transformation locally, the conversion takes place primarily in the liver.
Another set of transformations occurs in the kidney and other tissues, forming 1,25(OH)D. This form of the vitamin is actually a hormone, chemically akin to the steroid hormones.
1,25(OH)D accumulates in cell nuclei of the intestine, where it enhances calcium and phosphorus absorption, controlling the flow of calcium into and out of bones to regulate bone-calcium metabolism.
Michael Holick, a medical professor and director of the Bone Health Care Clinic at Boston University Medical Center, says, “The primary physiologic function of vitamin D is to maintain serum calcium and phosphorous levels within the normal physiologic range to support most metabolic functions, neuromuscular transmission, and bone mineralization.”

DEFICIENCY OF VITAMIN D:

Without sufficient vitamin D, bones will not form properly. In children, this causes rickets, a disease characterized by growth retardation and various skeletal deformities, including the hallmark bowed legs.
More recently, there has been a growing appreciation for vitamin D’s impact on bone health in adults. In August 2007, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research published Effectiveness and Safety of Vitamin D in Relation to Bone Health, a systematic review of 167 studies that found “fair evidence” of an association between circulating 25(OH)D concentrations and either increased bone-mineral density or reduced falls in older people (a result of strengthened muscles as well as strengthened bones).
“Low vitamin D levels will precipitate and exacerbate osteoporosis in both men and women and cause the painful bone disease osteomalacia,” says Holick.
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The Sun is a Great Lamp, and the Moon Gives Light

The Scientific Facts:

The energy of the sun (universal atomic pile): The energy of the sun is generated by the burning of hydrogen, which is the main constituent of the sun that transforms it into helium deep within, where there is very high density, pressure, and temperatures reaching 15,000,000°. This leads to a nuclear reaction and fusion of four hydrogen atoms to make one helium atom. The leftover energy from this reaction is released in the form of electromagnetic energy divided into short wave rays, infrared rays, and ultraviolet rays.
This means that the sun obtains its energy from within through natural nuclear reaction under very high pressure, heat, and density as if it is a mega atomic pile made to provide earth with light, warmth, and energy.
The sun is considered a star and is a luminous celestial body, whereas the moon is a planet; a dark celestial body that reflects the light it receives from stars and the sun as do all the other natural satellites of the planets (the moons).

Facts of Scientific Inimitability

More than fourteen centuries ago, the Ever-Glorious Qur'an indicated the difference between stars and planets exemplified in the difference between the sun and the moon.
Modern astronomers only discovered this fact recently after the telescope was invented and after applying photometric and spectrogram researches on stars and planets.
Stars are luminous celestial bodies whereas planets are dark celestial bodies that reflect the light received from stars and the sun as do all other natural satellites of the planets and (moons).

The sun is a mega atomic pile swimming very fast in space and has many various forms of light, heat, and energy. It is not just a bright disk; rather it is like a shining lamp, whereas the moon is a planet that reflects the light of the sun to lighten the night on earth.

This fact was described in these two honorable verses fourteen centuries ago, then we must ask ourselves, who told Prophet Muhammad (saw) about it but Allah, the Most High!
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The Sun: Never Cease nor Disappear

Ibn 'Abbas (R.A.) narrated that the Prophet (PBUH) was asked:
"Where does the sun set, and where does it rise from? The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) answered, "It is going in a (nonstop) regular motion; it does not cease or disappear. It sets in one place and rises in another, and sets in another place and rises elsewhere and so on. So, some people would say the sun has set and others would say it has just risen (at the same moment)."
Explanation of the Hadith
This hadith refers to the fact that there is a continuous alternate sunrise and sunset on earth. This could only take place if the earth is spherical or spheroid, and is, at the same time, continuously rotating round its axis facing the sun. This motion pattern leads to the continuous alternation of day and night on its surface, until life on earth comes to an end, i.e. until the Day of Resurrection.
One of the most prominent phenomena linked to this spherical shape of the earth, is that there are different places of sunrise and sunset for different zones of the globe. Each of the sun, the moon and other celestial bodies, sets somewhere in the globe and rises in another. They are all rotating, regularly, in fixed orbits, which they never leave or depart from. Truly, Allah says:
(…They all float, each in an orbit.) (Surat Ya-Sin: 40).

The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) talked about all these cosmic facts in such accurate scientific style at a period of time when people thought that the earth was flat and stationary. This is definitely one of the signs, which testifies to the truthfulness of the message of Muhammad (PBUH). For sure, no one in the Arabian Peninsula at the time of revelation, and for centuries to follow realized the fact that the earth is spherical and that it rotates around its axis facing the sun. Needless to say that at that time, no one was able to perceive the real or the apparent motion of the moon, the sun and other celestial bodies, as Arabia was but a simple and primitive environment.
The Glorious Qur'an refers to the spherical shape of the earth and its axial rotating, and to its revolving in its orbit around the sun. The Qur'an refers to these issues in many verses but in a subtle implicit way which may not astound the Bedouins in the desert of the Arabian Peninsula at the time of revelation, but still keeps the scientific fact in context.

Among these verses are the following:
Allah the Almighty says:
(He has created the heavens and the earth with truth. He makes the night to go in the day and makes the day to go in the night. And He has subjected the sun and the moon. Each running (on a fixed course) for an appointed term. Verily, He is the All-Mighty, the oft-Forgiving.) (Surat Az-Zumar (The Groups):5)

1. The Glorious Qur'an also confirms in more than one verse that the earth is "spread out" without ending at an edge. This could only be possible if the earth is spherical or spheroid, as the spherical shape is the only shape, which could endlessly be spread out or extended. For example, Allah the Almighty says:
(And it is He Who spread out the earth, and placed therein firm mountains and rivers…) (Surat Ar-Ra'd (The Thunder): 3)

2. The same fact is also assured when the Qur'an refers to the East and the West in different forms. First in the singular, then in the dual form by indicating that there are "Two Easts and Two Wests", and in the plural form by referring to "Easts and Wests". This also emphasizes the fact that the earth is spherical and that it rotates round its axis while facing the sun. These verses also emphasize the fact that the Earth is tilted on its axis and that it does not orbit the sun in a perfect circle.
3. The fact that the earth is spherical in shape is also emphasized by the verses referring to the alternation of night and day. The Glorious Qur'an indicates how Allah makes the 'Night overlap (Kawwar) the Day and the Day overlap the Night' (Surat Az-Zumar: 5). Among the verses that indicate the spherical shape of the earth is the one referring to the passing away of the mountains in the same way the clouds do:
(And you will see the mountains and think them solid, but they shall pass away as the passing away of the clouds…) (Surat An-Naml (The Ants):88)

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