Article Surah 92 · Ayah 19

Plentiful Charity-way of our pious predecessors

Shaykh Ahmed Fareed
From the morals and manners of the Salaf was that they would practice abundant charity with ah that was beyond their needs, day and night, secretly and openly. Whoever did not have food or wealth to spend, they would be charitable by sparing the people their harms and by bearing the harms of others.
Allaah the Most High said, "Those who spend their wealth by night and day, in secret and in public, shall have their reward with their Lord. On them shall be no fear nor shall they grieve." [Sooratul-Baqarah (2):274] He also said, "You shall not attain piety (birr) until you spend out of that which you love. Whatever good you spend Allaah knows well." [Soorah Aali-'lmraan (3):92]
'Abdul-'Azeez ibn 'Umair (rahimahullaah), said, "Salaat will reach you half the road, fasting lets you reach the door of the king, and charity allows you to enter into the king's company." He also used to say, "Wealth to us are deposits for generosity."
Their manners was to smile cheerfully at the face of the beggar and not to suspect him. They would always think that he only begged out of dire need.
Sufyaan ath-Thawri (rahimahullaah), used to be overjoyed if he saw beggar at his door saying, "Welcome to the one who has come wash my sins."
Fudhayl ibn 'Iyaad (rahimahullah), said, "Beggars are such good people! They carry our provision to the Afterlife without pay me until they place it on the scale in front of Allaah the Most High."
Courtesy Of: Islaam.com.
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Ruling on giving everything one owns in charity

Praise be to Allah. The scholars of the four madhhabs are agreed that it is mustahabb for charity to be composed of whatever is surplus to one’s needs and the needs of those for whom one is responsible. If a person gives in charity that which affects his needs or the needs of those for whom he is responsible, that is a sin, because his spending on them is obligatory and it is not permissible to give precedence to a naafil (supererogatory) action over an obligatory one. But with regard to whatever is surplus to the needs of those on whom a person is obliged to spend, the majority of scholars say that holding on to whatever wealth he needs is preferable to giving it all away in charity, unless he has an income or is sure that he will be able to put his trust in Allah and be patient and steadfast in bearing poverty and will be able to refrain from begging. Some scholars regarded it as mustahabto give all his wealth in that case. The Shaafa’is regard this as being the most correct view, and it is the apparent meaning of al-Muwaffaq’s words in al-Mughni. What may be understood from the Maaliki and Hanafi madhhabs is that they do not regard that as mustahab, because after mentioning the above conditions concerning the permissibility of giving all one's wealth in charity, they say, “There is nothing wrong with that,” as if the matter is permissible in their view. But some Maalikis add to that a comment which may be understood as meaning that they regard it as mustahab, as they say, “The way of encouraging giving all one's wealth in charity is that the donor should feel good about it after giving all his wealth and should not feel regret about being without wealth or hope to gain a similar amount of wealth in the future. He should not have any need of it in the future for himself or for those on whom he is obliged or encouraged to spend. Otherwise it is not recommended for him (to give all his wealth in charity), rather it is haraam for him to do so if those on whom he is obliged to spend are in certain need, or it is makrooh for him to do so if he is certain that those on whom it is recommended for him to spend are in need, because it is better to give in charity that which is surplus to his needs and the needs of those on whom he is obliged to spend.”(al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah, 26/339)
3 From these comments it is clear that the scholars did not limit charity to one third (of one's wealth). The evidence from the Qur’an and Sunnah that these scholars based their views on is as follows:1 –The aayah (interpretation of themeaning):“And let not your hand be tied (like a miser) to your neck, nor stretch it forth to its utmost reach (like a spendthrift), so that you become blameworthy and in severe poverty”[al-Isra’ 17:29]The mufassireen said, in their commentaries on this aayah: Do not give all that you have when you and your dependents are in need of it, so that you are left with no money to spend, like an exhausted camel, i.e., one which has lost its strength and has no energy. And it was said that it means, lest you be blamed and come to regret it. But the one who is being addressed here is not the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), because he is not one of those who would regret spending what they had in their hands for the sake of Allah. Rather Allah forbade extravagance in spending and giving all the money that one has in hand, less that end in regret on the part of the one who spent all that he had.(al-Mawsoo’ah 4/184)2 –It was narrated that Ka’b ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, as a sign of my repentance I will give away some of my wealth in charity to Allah and His Messenger.’ The Messenger of Allah(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: ‘Keep some of your wealth for yourself that will be better for you.’” (al-Bukhari, 2552; Muslim, 4973).The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not specify that he should give one-third in charity.Al-Shawkaani (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “The hadith of Ka’b indicates that it is prescribed for the one who wants to give all his wealth in charity to keep some of it. That does not imply that if he wanted to go ahead with it, he would not be able to do so. It was said that giving all one's wealth in charity varies according to one's situation. If a person is strong and knows that he will be able to bear the consequences with patience, then there is no reason why he should not do that.Based on that we may interpret the action of Abu Bakr al-Sideeq and the way in which the Ansaar preferred others to themselves even though they were in need of that [cf. al-Hashr 59:9]. But if a person is not like that, then he should not do that. This is how the words “There is no charity except when one has the means”should be interpreted. According to another report, “The best of charity is that which is given when one has the means.”(al-Nayl 8/288)
43 –It was narrated that Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Abu Talhah was the richest man among the Ansaar in Madinah in terms of date palm trees, and the most beloved of his wealth to him was the garden of Bayruha’. It was opposite the Mosque and the Messenger of Allah(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to go there and drink its water, which was good.”Anas added: “When the aayah (interpretation of the meaning) –‘By no means shall you attain Al-Birr (piety, righteousness —here it means Allah’s reward, i.e. Paradise), unless you spend (in Allah’s Cause) of that which you love’[Aal ‘Imran3:92] –was revealed, Abu Talhah stood up and went to the Messenger of Allah(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, Allah says, “By no means shall you attain Al-Birr (piety, righteousness —here it means Allah’s reward, i.e. Paradise), unless you spend (in Allah’s Cause) of that which you love...” The most beloved of my wealth to me is the garden of Bayruha’, and I am giving it in charity to Allah, hoping to find reward for that with Allah. So dispose of it, O Messenger of Allah, as Allah shows you.’ The Messenger of Allah(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: ‘Bravo! That is a good deal, that is a good deal. I have heard what you said and I think that you should give it to your relatives.’ Abu Talhah said, ‘I will do that, O Messenger of Allah.’ So Abu Talhah shared it out among his relatives and cousins (sons of his paternal uncles).”(al-Bukhari, 1368; Muslim, 1664)Al-Shawkaani (may Allah have mercy on him) said (al-Nayl, 3/36):“This indicates that it is permissible to give more than one third of one’s wealth in charity when one is alive and not suffering from terminal illness, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not ask Abu Talhah how much he wanted to give in charity, but he said to Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqaas when he was sick, “A third is a lot.”
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One Step Closer - Sadaqah or Charity

A great act of worship that is so dear to Allah (Subhanhu Wa Ta'ala), it opens for us the treasures of the heavens and the earth, and it is one of the beautiful secrets of our religion. 2- It occupies a very high position in Islam, part of it is obligatory which is Zakah, and in general Sadaqah purifies our wealth and increases it, but people always look for immediate results this is why they tend to be stingy, they have doubt that Allah will not give them back. 3- Sadaqah is a test for the heart and the soul, and Allah (Subhanhu Wa Ta'ala) commands the believers to give Sadaqah in Qur’an telling them about its fruit that it helps us get rid of the burden of the sins, it is the remedy for many problems, it has an indispensable social work, it strikes a state of balance in the financial situation in the Muslims community, it eliminates every problems, and there is a great wisdom behind it. And because Allah is more Generous to us than we to His creation He promises many rewards for Sadaqah up to seven hundred times over. The prophet (peace be upon him) was so generous and he also made it clear that there is no wealth that will be decreased by Sadaqah being given of it. Giving Sadaqah was also the characteristic of the great companions, this shows the importance of this act of worship. 4- The greatness of Sadaqah can be felt by knowing that we are having a deal with Allah (Subhanhu Wa Ta'ala) The Most Generous, He is the One who gave us our money at first place, yet He is not saying that give this money back to me! He is saying to us: Who gives Allah a loan? If we were to be offered a great business deal with great people, would we be stingy!? We would even wish that we have more money to put in that investment! So what about Allah!? Don’t we trust Him!? By Sadaqah you are having a transaction with Allah directly, and this is the beauty of it. 5- If you want to attain Sadaqah then Iman is the solution, believing that Allah (Subhanhu Wa Ta'ala) is The Most Generous and reaching the level of certainty that He will give us more. We can also maintain Sadaqah by reading the stories of the early generations, so we can learn from their generosity. And we should not forget that this wealth is given to us by Allah, and He can take it from us at any time, so we should give from it before it is taken away from us, hopefully by that we can make use of it, and Insha’Allah we will get one step closer to Allah (Subhanhu Wa Ta'ala).
[Moutasem al-Hameedy alhameedy.wordpress.com]
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The Muslim is in the shadow of his charity

Indeed, Muslims are in the shadow of their charities... Once upon a time, there was a man named Ibn Gud‘aan. He related his story: “I once went out during the spring and I saw my camels healthy and with big udders that were filled with milk. I looked at my favorite she-camel and told myself that I would offer it as charity for my poor neighbor, who had seven daughters. I took it and knocked on my poor neighbor's door. When he opened the door, I said to him: 'Please accept this she-camel as a gift from me.' He was thrilled and speechless. He benefited a great deal from that she-camel; he used to drink from its milk and carry the firewood that he gathered on its back. " Later on, spring was over and summer came with its high temperatures and drought. The Bedouins began moving from one place to another in their pursuit of water and pasture. Ibn Gud‘aan added: "We set off seeking underground water, in this wide desert. I entered one of these holes to bring some water, while my three sons waited for me above. I lost my way in those underground tunnels and could not come out!" The three sons waited three days for their father to come out of the hole, but he never showed up. They thought that he had lost his way and died from hunger. In fact, they wanted him dead so as to get hold of his fortune. They hastened to their house and divided his money between them! Then, they remembered that their father had given their poor neighbor a she-camel; so, they went to him asking him to give it back: 'Either you give the she-camel back to us and take this he-camel in exchange or we will take it by force and you will not get anything in return.' The poor neighbor said: 'I will inform your father of what you are doing.' They said: 'He is already dead' The poor neighbor exclaimed: 'Dead! What? How did that happen? Where did he die?' They answered: 'He went into an underground hole and never came out.' The neighbor said: 'Take the she-camel and I do not want your camel, just guide me to that hole.' The three sons took the neighbor to the hole and left. The neighbor took a rope, tied it to a rock next to the hole, took a flame and crawled down into the hole. He kept crawling and creeping inside that hole until he smelled water. Suddenly, he heard moaning and groaning; he kept moving forward, probing in the mud until he touched a body of a man. He placed his hands over his nose so as to make sure that he was still breathing; he pulled him out of that hole after blindfolding him so as to protect his eyes from the strong light of the sun outside. The neighbor rescued Ibn Gud‘aan; fed him with some dates, then carried him on his back and took him to his house. Ibn Gud‘aan was returned to life. The poor neighbor inquired: ' Ibn Gud‘aan, tell me how could you survive a whole week under the ground?' Ibn Gud‘aan answered: 'When I lost my way inside the hole and could not come out, I sat by a spring of water so as not to die out of thirst. Yet, water alone would not keep me alive; after three days I was extremely hungry and did not know what to do. I lay on my back, putting all my trust in Allaah The Exalted, believing that He would save me from that calamity. Suddenly, I felt drops of milk falling into my mouth; I sat down, but could not see anything, for it was black darkness down there. I felt a pot of milk near my mouth and I used to drink from that pot until I was full, then the pot would disappear. This happened three times a day, but two days ago the pot did not appear to me and I do not know why?' The neighbor said to Ibn Gud‘aan: 'I can tell you why. Your sons thought that you were dead, so, two days ago they came to me and took the she-camel, which you had given me, and this was the she-camel that produced the milk that you were drinking from all those days inside the hole. Indeed, Muslims are in the shadow of their charities.' (Each one is in the shadow of his Charity) Anas ibn Maalik, May Allaah Be Pleased with him, narrated that the Prophet said: «Good deeds shield one against a bad and ill-fated death, mishaps, diseases and doom; indeed, the people of goodness in this life are the people of goodness in the Hereafter» (Al-Albaani: Saheeh).
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The excellence of generosity

Generosity is a virtuous trait that every Muslim should strive to attain. As for the believer who closely adheres to the teachings of Islam, kindness and giving from what he has become part of his good character.
Generosity is the opposite of stinginess, as stinginess is a disease of the heart. The Muslim should avoid this bad quality, for it is a source of corruption. The Muslim’s faith and righteous deeds purify his heart, so his hands should be outstretched, giving to those who are in need.
A generous man will share what he has with others, thinking about other people as he thinks of himself. He benefits by helping others and solving their problems. He makes people happy and prevents them from doing wrong, which is often a direct result of poverty. This is a great service to society, and there are some people who spend their life in this service, establishing valuable foundations which remain after them such as hospitals, libraries etc.
Whatever is given for Allah’s Sake will never decrease one’s wealth in the slightest; rather, it will bless, purify and increase it, as the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: “Charity does not decrease wealth.” [Muslim]
Whatever is given in charity will be recorded with The One Who has full knowledge of all things. Allah, Almighty, Says (what means): "...And whatever you spend of good – it will be fully repaid to you, and you will not be wronged.'' [Quran 2: 272]
The Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) directed the Muslims’ attention to this higher understanding of generosity when he asked ‘Aaishah, may Allah be pleased with her, what was left of the sheep they had slaughtered. She told him sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ): ‘Nothing but the shoulder.” He sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said, ‘Everything except the shoulder is saved'.” [At-Tirmithi]
Whatever is spent will return multiplied and Allah will increase it in this world and in the next. Allah Says (what means): “The example of those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is like a seed [of grain] which grows seven spikes; in each spike is a hundred grains. And Allah multiplies [His reward] for whom He wills. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.” [Quran 2: 261]
And (what means): “…But whatever thing you spend [in His cause] – He will compensate it; and He is the best of providers." [Quran 34: 39]
Since noble characteristics are acquired in different ways, the Muslim works to develop virtuous traits according to Islamic guidelines. Allah Says (what means): “And spend [in the way of Allah] from what We have provided you before death approaches one of you and he says, ‘My Lord, if only You would delay me for a brief term so I would give charity and be among the righteous.’”[Quran 63: 10]
Generosity is not expressed exclusively with wealth and money, but also with our time, good deeds, actions and kindness to all people. Allah Says (what means): "Never will you attain the good [reward] until you spend [in the way of Allah] from that which you love..."[Quran 3: 92]
Allah, Almighty Says (what means): “Indeed, mankind was created anxious: when evil touches him, impatient, and when good touches him, withholding [of it]...”[Quran 70: 19-21]
The Messenger of Allah sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "Protect yourself from the Hell-fire even by giving a piece of a date as charity.'' [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
This narration shows that a person can be generous and win the pleasure of Allah even by spending a small quantity of wealth.
Jaabir, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) never said `no' to anyone who asked him for something. [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
This narration illustrates the generosity of the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ). If somebody asked him for something, he sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) would never say `no' to him. He sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) would also, on occasions, resort to borrowing to meet the want of a needy person.
The Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "Everyday two angels descend and one of them says, `O Allah! Compensate (more) to the person who gives (in charity)'; while the other one says, `O Allah! Destroy the one who withholds (charity, etc).’" [Al-Bukhari]
The Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) also said: "Allah, the Exalted, Says, `Spend, O son of Aadam, you will also be spent upon.'' [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
According to the narration, one who spends in the way of Allah, will be duly paid. It means that Allah will enhance the provision of such a man and grant him the best recompense.
In another narration, the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: "There are forty kinds of virtue, the highest of which is to gift a (milch) she-goat. He who practices any of these virtues, expecting its reward (from Allah) and believing in the truth of the promise made for it, will enter Jannah (Paradise).'' [Al-Bukhari]
A person giving charity should not render it vain by reminders of his generosity or by injury. The giver should be cheerful when asked and when giving. He should spend without being stingy or irresponsible.
Whether giving in abundance from his riches, or a small amount of his meager means, one should give with complete satisfaction, a cheerful face and nice speech.
The Muslim who truly understands the teachings of his religion never looks down upon any charity, no matter how small it may be. He strives to do as much as he is able, while he is firm in his conviction that Allah will reward his good deeds, no matter how small, as Allah Says (what means): “On no soul does Allah place a burden greater that it can bear …”[Quran 2: 286]
He also responds to the words of the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ): “Protect yourselves from the Fire even if it is with half a date.” [Al-Bukhari]
Islam teaches the Muslims to be constructive, beneficial members of their societies; always helping those who are deprived and destitute to the best of their abilities. Every good deed is described as an act of charity, as the Prophet sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said: “Every Muslim must give charity.” They said, “O Messenger of Allah, what if he cannot do that?” He, sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said, “Then let him help one who is in desperate need.” He, sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam ( may Allaah exalt his mention ) said, “Then let him do good, and refrain from doing evil, and that will be an act of charity on his part.” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim].
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Sadaqah and its virtues

Sadaqah (voluntary charity) is a virtuous deed in Islam. In fact, it is considered as a proof of one’s eeman (faith). The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam said in the following authentic hadeeth:

Abu Malik al-Ashari (r.a.) (radhi Allahu anhu) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said: “Cleanliness is half of faith. Alhamdulillah (Praise be to Allah) fills the scale. SubhanAllah (Glory be to Allah) and Alhamdulillah (Praise be to Allah) fill up what is between the heavens and the earth. Prayer is a light. Charity is proof (of one’s faith). Endurance is a brightness and the Qur’an is a proof on your behalf or against you. All men go out early in the morning and sell themselves, thereby setting themselves free or destroying themselves.” (Muslim, 432).

The more we give sadaqah the more we increase our eeman and thus, expect Allah’s rewards both in this world and in the life hereafter. Giving charity out of our wealth does not decrease our wealth but instead Allah (s.w.t.) increases it:

“Allah will deprive usury of all blessing, but will give increase for deeds of charity: for He loves not creatures ungrateful and sinner.” (Qur’an, 2: 276)

“That which you give in usury for increase through the property of (other) people, will have no increase with Allah: but that which you give for charity, seeking the Countenance of Allah, (will increase); it is those who will get a recompense multiplied.” (Qur’an, 30:39)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) reported Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) as saying: “Charity does not in any way decrease the wealth and the servant who forgives, Allah adds to his respect; and the one who shows humility, Allah elevates him in the estimation (of the people).” (Muslim Vol. 4, Hadith 6264)

Sadaqah is not restricted to giving part of our wealth or material possessions or any special deed of righteousness. Islam considers all good deeds as sadaqah that increase our eeman:

Abu Musa narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “Every Muslim has to give in sadaqah (charity).” The people asked, “O Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)! If someone has nothing to give, what will he do?” He said, “He should work with his hands and benefit himself and also give in charity (from what he earns).” The people further asked, “If he cannot do even that?” He replied, “Then he should help the needy who appeal for help.” Then the people asked, “If he cannot do that?” He replied, “Then he should perform all that is good and keep away from all that is evil and this will be regarded as charitable deeds.” (Bukhari Vol. 2, Hadith 524)

The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.s.) said: “To smile in the company of your brother is charity. To command to do good deeds and to prevent others from doing evil is charity. To guide a person in a place where he can not get astray is charity. To remove troublesome things like thorns and bones from the road is charity. To pour water from your jug into the jug of your brother is charity. To guide a person with defective vision is charity for you.” (Bukhari)

Since sadaqah is not limited to giving of money or part of our wealth, every Muslim can therefore earn rewards from Allah. Sadaqah is an easy way to increase our eeman. Every Muslim whether poor or wealthy can give sadaqah at all times. The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) tells us that dhikr (remembrance of Allah) is a form of sadaqah. We read in the following Ahadeeth:

Abu Hurairah narrated that “Abu Dharr said to the Messenger of Allah, ‘The wealthy people have all the rewards; they pray as we pray; they fast as we fast; and they have surplus wealth which they give in charity; but we have no wealth which we may give in charity.’ Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said: ‘Abu Dharr, should I not teach you phrases by which you acquire the rank of those who excel you? No one can acquire your rank except one who acts like you.’ He said, Why not, Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.)? He said: ‘Exalt Allah say: “Allahu Akbar” (Allah is Most Great) after each prayer thirty-three times; and praise Him say: “Alhamdulillah” (Praise be to Allah) thirty-three times; and glorify Him say: “Subhan Allah” (Glory be to Allah) thirty-three times; and end it by saying, “La ilâha illallâhu wahdahu la shareeka lahu, lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu yuhyi wa yomeetu wa Huwa ‘ala kulli shai’in Qadeer.” (There is no god but Allah alone, He has no partner, to Him belongs the Kingdom, to Him praise is due and He has power over everything.) Your sins will be forgiven, even if they are like the foam of the sea.'” (Abu Dawud 1499)

Abu Dharr narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “In the morning charity is due from every bone in the body of every one of you. Every utterance of Allah’s glorification is an act of charity. Every utterance of praise of Him is an act of charity; every utterance of profession of His Oneness is an act of charity; every utterance of profession of His Greatness is an act of charity; enjoining good is an act of charity; forbidding what is disreputable is an act of charity; and two rak’ahs which one prays in the forenoon will suffice.” (Muslim 1557)

For our own success, we should spend time, money and efforts in giving sadaqah for the pleasure of Allah as the rewards of sadaqah is nothing but success, especially in the Hereafter:

“The likeness of those who spend for Allah’s sake is as the likeness of a grain of corn, it grows seven ears every single ear has a hundred grains, and Allah multiplies (increases the reward of) for whom He wills, and Allah is sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower).” (Qur’an, 2:261)

“Those who (in charity) spend of their goods by night and by day, in secret and in public have their reward with their Rabb (only God and Sustainer). On them shall be no fear nor shall they grieve.” (Qur’an, 2:274)

“…that which you give for charity, seeking the Countenance of Allah, (will increase); it is those who will get a recompense multiplied.” (Qur’an, 30:39)

“Only those who believe in Our Signs, who when they are recited to them fall down in adoration, and celebrate the praises of their Rabb (only God and Sustainer), nor are they (ever) puffed up with pride. They forsake their beds of sleep, the while they call on their Rabb (only God and Sustainer), in Fear and Hope. And they spend (in charity) out of the sustenance which We have bestowed on them. Now no person knows what delights of the eye are kept hidden (in reserve) for them — as a reward for their (good) Deeds. Is then the man who believes no better than the man who is rebellious and wicked? Not equal are they. For those who believe and do righteous deeds are Gardens as hospitable Homes, for their (good) deeds.” (Qur’an, 32:15-19)

“For Muslim men and women, for believing men and women for devout men and women for true men and women, for men and women who are patient and constant, for men and women who humble themselves, for men and women who give in charity, for men and women who fast, for men and women who guard their chastity, and for men and women who engage much in Allah’s remembrance for them has Allah prepared forgiveness and great reward.” (Qur’an, 33:35)

Qais ibn Abu Hazim narrated that…. Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “A Muslim is rewarded (in the Hereafter) for whatever he spends except for something that he spends on building.” (Bukhari, Vol. 7, Hadith 576)

Mu’aadh bin Jabal (r.a.) related from the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) “Sadaqah extinguishes sin as water extinguishes fire.” (Ahmad, Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah) The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) also said: “The believer’s shade on the Day of Resurrection will be his Sadaqah.” (Ahmad)

To be able to enjoy Allah’s tremendous rewards for every sadaqah that we give, we need to observe the following teachings: 1. Sadaqah must be done sincerely for the pleasure of Allah and not out of riya’ (show off) to gain praise or recognition from others: “O you who believe! Do not render vain your charity by reminders of your generosity or by injury, like him who spends his wealth to be seen of men and he does not believe in Allah nor in the last Day.” (Qur’an, 2: 264)

Sa’d ibn Abu Waqqas narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “…whatever you spend (for Allah’s sake) you will be rewarded for it, even for a morsel of food which you may put in the mouth of your wife.” (Bukhari, Vol. 8, Hadith 725; Vol.1, Hadith 53)

2. It is better to conceal what we give or do as sadaqah:

“And whatever you spend in charity or whatever vow you make, be sure Allah knows it all. But the wrongdoers have no helpers. If you disclose (acts of) charity, even so it is well, but if you conceal them and make them reach those (really) in need, that is best for you. It will remove from you some of your (stains of) evil. And Allah is well acquainted with what you do.” (Qur’an, 2:270-271)

Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) said, “Seven people will be shaded by Allah under His shade on the day when there will be no shade except His. They are: 1. a just ruler, 2. a youth who grew up in the worship of Allah, 3. a man whose heart is attached to the mosque, 4. two men who love each other for Allah’s sake, meeting for that and parting for that. 5. a man who is called by a woman of beauty and position but he says, “I fear Allah”, 6. a man who gives in charity and hides it, such that his left hand does not know what his right hand gives in charity, and 7. a man who remembered Allah in private and so his eyes shed tears.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari (Eng. translation) vol.2, hadeeth no. 504)

3. Sadaqah must be from halal (lawful) source:

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “If one gives in charity what equals one date-fruit from the honestly earned money and Allah accepts only the honestly earned money Allah takes it in His Right (hand). And then, enlarges its reward for that person (who has given it), as anyone of you brings up his baby horse, so much so that it becomes as big as a mountain.” (Bukhari, Vol.2, Hadith 491)

4. Begin charity with your dependents:

Hakim ibn Hizam narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said: “The upper hand is better than the lower hand, (i.e., he who gives charity is better than him who takes it). One should start giving first to his dependents. And the best object of charity is that which is given by a wealthy person (from the money which is left after his expenses.) And whoever abstains from asking others for some financial help, Allah will give him and save him from asking others, Allah will make him self-sufficient.” (Bukhari, Vol.2, Hadith 508)

Abu Umamah (r.a.) narrated that Allah’s Messenger said: “O son of Adam, it is better for you if you spend your surplus (wealth), but if you withhold it, it is evil for you. There is (however) no reproach for you (if you withhold means necessary) for a living. And begin (charity) with your dependents; and the upper hand is better than the lower hand.” (Muslim, 2256)

5. Not to delay giving of sadaqah nor show lethargy or negligence in giving sadaqah:

And spend something (in charity) out of the substance which We have bestowed on you, before death should come to any of you and he should say, “O my Rabb (only God and Sustainer)! Why do you not give me respite for a little while? I should then have given (largely) in charity, and I should have been one of the doers of good.” (Qur’an, 63:10)

Haritha ibn Wahb narrated that he heard the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) saying, “O people! Give in charity as a time will come upon you when a person will wander about with his object of charity and will not find anybody to accept it, and anyone (who will be requested to take it) will say, “If you had brought it yesterday, I would have taken it, but today I am not in need of it.” (Bukhari Vol. 2, Hadith 492)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that a man came to the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) and asked, “O Allah’s Messenger which charity is the most superior in reward?” He replied, “The charity which you practice while you are healthy, niggardly and afraid of poverty and wish to become wealthy. Do not delay it to the time of approaching death and then say, ‘Give so much to such and such, and so much to such and such.’ (And it has already belonged to such and such (his heirs).” (Bukhari Vol. 2, Hadith 500)

“Do not show lethargy or negligence in giving alms and charity till your last breath.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

6. Do not count the sadaqah you give:

“Spend in charity and do not keep count for then Allah will also keep count in giving you provision.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

7. Seek only the desire to see Allah, which is the supreme success in Paradise.

Do not expect favor or reward from any person for the sadaqah you give: “Those who spend their wealth for increase in self-purification, and have in their minds no favor from anyone for which a reward is expected in return, but only the desire to seek for the Countenance of their Creator Most High; and soon will they attain (complete) satisfaction.” (Qur’an, 92:18-21)

From the above virtuous teachings, we can conclude that indeed, Islam opens for us many ways of increasing our eeman and good deeds through sadaqah. We can perform easy good deeds like smiling and dhikr (remembrance of Allah), which we can do at anytime and get rewards. The rich among us can earn more rewards if we give part of our wealth to the poor members of our relatives, friends, neighbors and the society at large. If we have the ability to extend sadaqah especially to other poor Muslims outside our community or country then we must extend our help. Another virtuous way of giving sadaqah is by supporting individuals and groups who are doing Da’wah (inviting people to Islam or the Truth) for the pleasure of Allah the Almighty. Let us take inspiration from the following Qur’anic ayah:

“And he who brings the Truth and he who confirms (and supports) it — such are the men who do right. They shall have all that they wish for, with their Rabb (Only God, Cherisher and Sustainer). Such is the reward of those who do good: so that Allah will remit from them (even) the worst in their deeds and give them their reward according to the best of what they have done.” (Qur’an 39:33-35) Let us hasten to give sadaqah for life in this world is short and temporary while the world in the

Hereafter is everlasting. We never know when death has been decreed for us. Today we live and we never know how long we will enjoy the pleasure of this world. But one thing is certain: life in this world is nothing compared to the everlasting life in the Hereafter. Allah (s.w.t.) tells us: “Nothing is the life of this world but play and amusement, but best is the Home in the Hereafter, for those who are righteous, will you not then understand?” (Qur’an, 6:32)

“Allah does enlarge, or grant by (strict) measure, the sustenance (which He gives) to whom so He pleases — (the worldly) rejoice in the life of this world. But the life of this world is but little comfort compared to the Hereafter.” (Qur’an, 13:26)

Let us prepare ourselves for the everlasting world to come. Let us be among those who will earn Allah’s rewards in Jannah (the Garden of Bliss or Paradise) through giving sadaqah in many ways. Let us continue earning Allah’s rewards of our good deeds by giving sadaqah that continues to benefit others. Let us think of giving sadaqah to support Islamic projects like building of mosques, Islamic schools, Islamic libraries, orphanage and da’wah centers. If Allah has blessed us with wealth, let us not delay to build any or all of the said Islamic projects for the sole pleasure of Allah. If we do so, we will certainly attain the rewards of doing good deeds continuously even after we die. Let us be inspired to give sadaqah with the following authentic hadeeth:

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said: “Verily what a believer continues to receive (in the form of reward) for his action and his virtues after his death is the knowledge which he acquired and then disseminated; the pious son that he left behind him; or a copy of the Qur’an which he left as a legacy; or the mosques that he had built; or the inn that he had built for the wayfarers; or the canal that he caused to flow, or a sadaqah which he gave out of his property in the state when he was healthy and alive. (These are the acts of goodness the reward of which) reaches him even after his death.” (Tirmidhi, 254; Ibn Majah and Bayhaqi)

For those who are wealthy but miser or negligent in giving sadaqah may they take admonitions from the following words of Allah and His Messenger (s.a.w.s.): So he who gives (in charity) and fears (Allah), and (in all sincerity) testifies to the Best, We will indeed make smooth for him the path to Ease. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self-sufficient, and gives the lie to the Best, — We will indeed make smooth for him the Path of Misery; nor will his wealth profit him when he falls headlong (into the Pit). Verily We take upon Us to guide, and verily unto Us (belong) the End and the Beginning. Therefore do I warn you of a Fire blazing fiercely; none shall burn therein but those most unfortunate ones who give the lie to Truth and turn their backs. But those most devoted to Allah shall be removed far from it. (Qur’an, 92:4-17)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “The example of a miser and the one who gives in charity, is like the example of two men wearing iron cloaks so tightly that their arms are raised forcibly towards their collar-bones. So, whenever a charitable person wants to give in charity, his cloak spreads over his body so much so that it wipes out his traces. But whenever the miser wants to give in charity, the rings (of the iron cloak) come closer to each other and press over his body and his hands get connected to his collar-bones. Abu Huraira heard the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) saying, “The miser then tries to widen it but in vain.” (Bukhari, Vol. 4, Hadith 166; also see Vol. 2, Hadith 523)

Abu Hurairah (r.a.) narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said, “Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, ‘O Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your cause’, and the other (angel) says, ‘O Allah! Destroy every miser.'” (Bukhari, Vol. 2, Hadith 522)

Abu Dharr (r.a.) narrated that… Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “Those who have much wealth (in this world) will be the least rewarded (in the Hereafter) except those who do like this and like this (i.e., spend their money in charity).” (Bukhari, Vol. 8, Hadith 285)

Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (r.a.) narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said, “A crafty one, a miser, and one who keeps reminding people of what he has given, will not enter Paradise.” (Tirmidhi, 1873)

May Allah the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful give us opportunities to do many ways of giving sadaqah for His pleasure and reward us best life, especially in the Hereafter. May we spend our lives, time, money and efforts or everything in us to do deeds that Allah accepts as forms of sadaqah solely for His Sake. May our Rabb save us from the Hell-Fire by protecting us from being miser. Ameen.

Reference Link

Excellence of Generosity and Spending in a Good cause with Reliance on Allah – Riyad-us-Saliheen

Imam Al-Nawawi’s Riyad-us-Saliheen

Chapter 60 : Excellence of Generosity and Spending in a Good cause with Reliance on Allah

Allah, the Exalted, says:

“And whatsoever you spend of anything (in Allah’s Cause), He will replace it.” (34:39)

“And whatever you spend in good, it is for yourselves, when you spend not except seeking Allah’s Countenance. And whatever you spend in good, it will be repaid to you in full, and you shall not be wronged.” (2:272)

“And whatever you spend in good, surely Allah knows it well.” (2:273)

544. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Envy is permitted only in two cases: A man whom Allah gives wealth, and he disposes of it rightfully, and a man to whom Allah gives knowledge which he applies and teaches it.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

545. Ibn Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) asked, “Who of you loves the wealth of his heir more than his own wealth?” The Companions said: “O Messenger of Allah! There is none of us but loves his own wealth more.” He (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “His wealth is that which he has sent forward, but that which he retains belongs to his heir.”

[Al-Bukhari].

546. `Adi bin Hatim (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Protect yourself from Hell-fire even by giving a piece of date as charity.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

547. Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) never said `no’ to anyone who asked him for anything.

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

548. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Everyday two angels descend and one of them says, `O Allah! Compensate (more) to the person who gives (in charity)’; while the other one says, `O Allah! Destroy the one who withholds (charity, etc)”.

[Al-Bukhari ].

549. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Allah, the Exalted, says, `Spend, O son of Adam, you will also be spent upon.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

550. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`as (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: A man asked Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam), “Which act in Islam is the best?” He (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) replied, “To feed (the poor and the needy) and to greet those whom you know and those you do not know.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

551. `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`as (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “There are forty kinds of virtue, the highest of which is to gift a (milch) she goat. He who practises any of these virtues, expecting its reward (from Allah) and believing on the verity of the promise made for it, will enter Jannah.”

[Al-Bukhari].

552. Abu Umamah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “O son of Adam, if you spend the surplus, it will be better for you; and if you retain it, it will be bad for you. You will not be reprimanded for keeping what is enough for your need. Begin with those who are your dependents, and the upper hand (i.e., the one that spends in the way of Allah) is better than the lower hand (i.e., the one that receives charity.)”

[Muslim].

553. Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked a thing by one who is about to accept Islam but he would give it. A man came to the Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) and he gave him a herd of sheep scattered between two mountains. When he returned to his people, he said to them: “O my people! Embrace Islam because Muhammad gives like one who has no fear of poverty.” Some people would embrace Islam only for worldly gains, but soon Islam becomes dearer to them than the world with all what it contains.

[Muslim].

554. `Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) distributed some wealth and I said to him, “O Messenger of Allah! Do you not think that there are other people who are more deserving than these whom you gave.” He (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “They had, in fact, left no alternative for me except either they should beg of me importunately or they would regard me as a miser; but I am not a miser.”

[Muslim].

555. Jubair bin Mut`im (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: While I was walking with the Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) on his return from the battle of Hunain, a few bedouins caught hold of him and began to demand their shares. They forced him to a tree and someone snatched away his cloak (which got entangled in that thorny tree). The Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Give my cloak back to me. Were I to have camels equal to the number of these trees, I would have distributed them all among you, and you would not have found me a miser, or a liar, or a coward.”

[Al-Bukhari].

556. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “Wealth is not diminished by giving (in charity). Allah augments the honour of one who forgives; and one who displays humbleness towards another seeking the pleasure of Allah, Allah exalts him in ranks.”

[Muslim].

557. Abu Kabshah `Amr bin Sa`d (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “I swear by Allah for three (qualities) which I am going to tell you about. Remember them well:

(1) The wealth of a man will not diminish by Sadaqah (charity).

(2) Allah augments the honour of a man who endures an oppression patiently.

(3) He who opens a gate of begging, Allah opens a gate of poverty (or he said a word similar to it).”

He (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) also said, “Remember well what I am going to tell you: The world is for four kinds of people. (1) One upon whom Allah has bestowed wealth and knowledge and so he fears his Rubb in respect to them, joins the ties of blood relationship and acknowledges the Rights of Allah on him (and fulfills them); this type will have the best position (in Jannah). (2) One upon whom Allah has conferred knowledge but no wealth, and he is sincere in his intention and says: `Had I possessed wealth, I would have acted like so-and-so.’ If that is his intention, his reward is the same as that of the other. (3) One whom Allah has given wealth but no knowledge and he squanders his wealth ignorantly, does not fear Allah in respect to it, does not discharge the obligations of kinship and does not acknowledge the Rights of Allah. Such a person will be in the worst position (in the Hereafter). (4) One upon whom Allah has bestowed neither wealth nor knowledge and he says: `Had I possessed wealth, I would have acted like so-and-so (i.e., he would squander his wealth).’ If this is his intention, both will have equal sin.”

[At-Tirmidhi].

558. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) had slaughtered a sheep and distributed major portions of its meat. Then he (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) asked, “Is there anything left?” She replied, “Nothing, except the shoulder.” Thereupon he said, “All of it is left except its shoulder.”

[At-Tirmidhi].

559. Asma’ bint Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said to me, “Do not hoard; otherwise, Allah will withhold from you.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

560. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) saying: “The case of a miserly man and a generous man who gives in charity is similar to that of two persons who are clad in armour from their breasts up to their collar bones. When the generous man gives in charity, his armour expands so much as to cover his fingertips and toes. When the miser intends to spend something the armour contracts and every ring of it sticks to the place where it is (sinks into his flesh). He tries to loosen it but it does not expand.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

561. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “He who gives in charity the value of a date which he legally earned, and Allah accepts only that which is pure, Allah accepts it with His Right Hand and fosters it for him, as one of you fosters his mare, until it becomes like a mountain.”

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

562. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “While a man was walking through a barren land, he heard a voice coming out of a cloud saying: `Irrigate the garden of so-and-so.’ Thereupon the cloud drifted in a certain direction and discharged its water over a rocky plain. The streamlets flowed into a channel. This man followed the channel until it reached a garden and he saw the owner of the garden standing in its center, working with his spade spreading the water (changing the course of the water). He asked him: “O slave of Allah, what is your name?” He told his name, which was the same that he heard from the cloud. The owner of the garden then asked him: “O slave of Allah, why did you ask my name?” He replied: “I heard a voice from a cloud which poured down this water saying: `Irrigate the garden of so-and-so.’ I would like to know what do you do with it.” He said: “Now that you asked me, I will tell you. I estimate the produce of the garden and distribute one-third of it in charity, I spend one-third on myself and my family and invest one-third back into the garden.”

[Muslim].

Reference Link

The Virtues of Spending in the Path of Allah

Believers are promised great rewards for expending their wealth, wholeheartedly in the path of Allah Ta’ala. Sadaqah is a virtuous deed in Islam, and a reminder to us that the wealth we possess, is simply a loan from Allah, for which we will be held accountable in the Aakhirah.

Allah Ta’ala exhorts us to spend on the poor and needy, from the wealth that has been allotted to us. All forms of wealth essentially come from Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala, and our spending on those in need, is highly appreciated by Allah Ta’ala. In His Infinite Mercy, Allah Ta’ala equates our giving of charity as a loan to Him! (even though HE does not need it). And, this investment with Allah Ta’ala will provide everlasting sustenance in Dunya and Aakhirah.

An example of this guaranteed promise, is mentioned in Verse 261 of Surah Baqarah :

مَّثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ حَبَّةٍ أَنبَتَتْ سَبْعَ سَنَابِلَ فِي كُلِّ سُنبُلَةٍ مِّائَةُ حَبَّةٍ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يُضَاعِفُ لِمَن يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ

“The example of those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is like a seed [of grain] which grows seven spikes; in each spike is a hundred grains. And Allah multiplies [His reward] for whom He wills. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.”

For the one who spends in Allah’s path, HE increases his reward from one blessing – to seven hundred – to seven thousand – and multiplies it even more!

Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala is ‘Zul Fadhlil Azeem‘ – the Possessor of Great Bounty – and HE rewards immensely! A person who is aware of the large profits that will be reaped from sowing just one seed into the ground, will most definitely exert himself and work harder to derive the rest of the gains.

Similarly, when a Believer understands that his giving of charity will reap tremendous reward, then he will likewise strive hard to reap the magnanimous rewards for charity promised by Allah Ta’ala. Thus, one who spends just one Rand in the path of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala, is investing in something that will give him multiple profits in the Aakhirah.

……………………………………………………………………………..

The Etiquettes, Qualities and Manner in which one should Spend in the Path of Allah

It is essential to reflect on some significant Adaab (etiquettes) of spending in the path of Allah as outlined in the following Ayaah. In doing so, sacrificing will become a pleasure rather than a burden.

……………..

1 ~ Seeking the Pleasure of Allah and not to show off to people.

A main ingredient before giving Sadaqah should be correctness of one’s intention. Sadaqah must be done sincerely for the pleasure of Allah and not out of Riya (show) – to gain praise or recognition from others.

Allah Ta’ala says:

الَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ لَا يُتْبِعُونَ مَا أَنفَقُوا مَنًّا وَلَا أَذًى ۙ لَّهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ

Those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah and then do not follow up what they have spent with reminders [of it] or [other] injury will have their reward with their Lord, and there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve ~ Surah Baqarah 2:262

……………..

2 ~ It should not be followed by reproach and injury

Allah Ta’ala mentions :

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُبْطِلُوا صَدَقَاتِكُم بِالْمَنِّ وَالْأَذَىٰ كَالَّذِي يُنفِقُ مَالَهُ رِئَاءَ النَّاسِ وَلَايُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۖ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ صَفْوَانٍ عَلَيْهِ تُرَابٌ فَأَصَابَهُ وَابِلٌ فَتَرَكَهُ صَلْدًا ۖ لَّايَقْدِرُونَ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ مِّمَّا كَسَبُوا ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ

O you who have believed, do not invalidate your charities with reminders or injury as does one who spends his wealth [only] to be seen by the people and does not believe in Allah and the Last Day. His example is like that of a [large] smooth stone upon which is dust and is hit by a downpour that leaves it bare. They are unable [to keep] anything of what they have earned. And Allah does not guide the disbelieving people ~ Surah Baqarah 2:264

وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ وَتَثْبِيتًا مِّنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةٍ بِرَبْوَةٍ أَصَابَهَا وَابِلٌ فَآتَتْ أُكُلَهَا ضِعْفَيْنِ فَإِن لَّمْ يُصِبْهَا وَابِلٌ فَطَلٌّ ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ

And the example of those who spend their wealth seeking the pleasure of Allah and assuring [reward for] themselves is like a garden on high ground which is hit by a downpour – so it yields its fruits in double. And [even] if it is not hit by a downpour, then a drizzle [is sufficient]. And Allah , of what you do, is Seeing ~ Surah Baqarah2:265

Explanation :

Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala has encouraged spending in His Path, but has warned against boasting of one’s favour upon the poor person and teasing or taunting beneficiaries.

Imaam Ghazaali (Rahmatullahi Alayh) when mentioning the etiquettes of giving Sadaqah stated that one should not destroy one’s charity by displaying ‘Mann’. This refers to continually reminding a person of one’s favours upon him.

Immediate harm (Azaa) is also caused by taunting the beneficiary, telling him, “I gave you this and that”.

Sometimes donors even demand free labour in lieu of their Sadaqah! A person should not expect anything in return for what he has given, nor show a sense of superiority over a poor person. Instead of hoping for some worldly benefit from our Sadaqah, we should be grateful to those who accept our Sadaqah. Giving Sadaqa should never be followed by rebuking the poor for begging.

Imaam Ghazaali (Rahmatullahi Alayh) says we should ponder and reflect: In reality it is the poor person who has done a favour to the rich – for, by accepting the Sadaqah, he has absolved the rich person from his obligation towards Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala. The poor ultimately become a means of purification of the rich man’s wealth and saves him from the fire of Jahannum.

Rasulullah Salallahu Alayhi Wa Sallam mentioned in a Hadith :

قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَدِيَّ بْنَ حَاتِمٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ “‏ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ ‏”‏‏.‏

“Save yourself from Hell-fire even by giving half a date in charity.” ~ Bukhari

Spending ones wealth and then taunting the beneficiary is likened to ‘showing off’. Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala gives an example of one who intends growing crops from a little bit of soil spread across a smooth rock. Allah Ta’ala then sends down very heavy rain which washes away the soil on the rock, leaving it completely bare. The bare rock cannot absorb water, nor can it nourish a seed to grow. Similarly, boasting prevents the seed of charity from being nurtured and cultivated. It causes the charity to be rejected and washed away. Such people are unable to acquire the reward of what they have earned or worked for and their actions render their charity null and void.

On the other hand, those who spend their wealth with pure intention – exclusively for the pleasure of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala – their deeds are like rain on an elevated orchard with excellent soil. When a heavy rain or even a drizzle falls onto it, the crops grow and bring forth fruits two fold! Heavy rain is in reference to the spending of abundant wealth and a drizzle is in reference to the spending of little wealth. Spending which is done to seek the pleasure of Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala cannot fail to bring about a good effect. This in turn strengthens their hearts (Imaan).

قَوْلٌ مَّعْرُوفٌ وَمَغْفِرَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِّن صَدَقَةٍ يَتْبَعُهَا أَذًى ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَنِيٌّ حَلِيمٌ

Kind speech and forgiveness are better than charity followed by injury. And Allah is Free of need and Forbearing ~ Surah Baqarah 2:263

Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala mentions : Responding softly and forgiving is better than a charity which is followed by harassment. Sometimes one may find that a beggar is not satisfied with what he is given and he may utter harsh words to the giver. It is better here to overlook the harsh words of the beggar and to forgive him.

The word Maghfirah comes from the word ‘Mighfar’, which means a helmet (covering the head). Likewise, the donor ‘covers the need’ of the beggar and does not expose his wants, but infact, he secretly assists him and shields him from any embarrassment.

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3 ~ It must be lawful and good

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنفِقُوا مِن طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ وَمِمَّا أَخْرَجْنَا لَكُم مِّنَ الْأَرْضِ ۖ وَلَا تَيَمَّمُوا الْخَبِيثَ مِنْهُ تُنفِقُونَ وَلَسْتُم بِآخِذِيهِ إِلَّا أَن تُغْمِضُوا فِيهِ ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ ٌّحَمِيدٌ

O you who have believed, spend from the good things which you have earned and from that which We have produced for you from the earth. And do not aim toward the defective therefrom, spending [from that] while you would not take it [yourself] except with closed eyes. And know that Allah is Free of need, and All Praiseworthy ~ Surah Baqarah 2: 267

Giving Sadaqah of that which is not Halaal or of that which is defective (tainted goods or money) and retaining that which is superior is not a Quality of a Believer – it is not what Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala expects from the one who wishes to discharge wealth in charity. Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala is Pure and only accepts that which is pure. Charity of thousands of Rands earned in a Haraam manner, is considered null and void. When charity is given, it should not be of inferior quality goods which we ourselves reject.

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4 ~ It should be given to those poor who are besieged in the way of Allah.

لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ضَرْبًا فِي الْأَرْضِ يَحْسَبُهُمُ ُالْجَاهِلُ أَغْنِيَاءَ مِنَ التَّعَفُّفِ تَعْرِفُهُم بِسِيمَاهُمْ لَا يَسْأَلُونَ النَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا ۗ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ

[Charity is] for the poor who have been restricted for the cause of Allah , unable to move about in the land. An ignorant [person] would think them self-sufficient because of their restraint, but you will know them by their [characteristic] sign. They do not ask people persistently [or at all]. And whatever you spend of good – indeed, Allah is Knowing of it.

Surah Baqarah 2:273

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5 ~ The rewards of spending publicly and secretly extend to both worlds

الَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُم بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلَا خَوْف ٌعَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ

Those who spend their wealth [in the path of Allah] by night and by day, secretly and publicly – they will have their reward with their Lord. And no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve ~ Surah Baqarah 2:274

Sadaqah can be given with a noble and correct intention both publicly (in the form of encouragement to others) or privately (in secrecy). Giving charity openly is an excellent form of Ibaadah. However, if it is given secretly to the poor – then this is the best form of Sadaqah, as it eliminates the chance of show and ostentation and saves the poor from humiliation.

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Shaytaan instills in us the fear of poverty and commands us to be miserly in the spending of our wealth. The wealth that a person hoards however, may not remain with one in the ‘tomorrow of the Dunya’ – thus the empty threats of Shaytaan are futile. Spending in charity in the path of Allah, earns one the guaranteed promise of the Maghfirat of Allah Subhaanahu Wa Ta’ala in the ‘tomorrow of the Aakhirah’ – this is perpetual and immeasurable!

The doors of Dunya open up for kind and generous people; and the more you give in charity, the more barakah Allah Subahaanahu Wa Ta’ala will grant you …

by: Moulana Naeem Motala Sb

Reference Link

Spending Wealth in Islam - Part 1 (Sadaqah and Infaq)

Introduction

All of us as good practising Muslims endeavour to attain righteousness. The Holy Quran has prescribed many paths to achieve this goal. One key tenet is to spend the wealth we have and which we dearly love in the ways Allah has prescribed.

You can never have extended virtue and righteousness unless you spend part of what you dearly love for the cause of God. God knows very well whatever you spend for His cause (3:92)

Believers, out of what We have given you, spend for the cause of Allah before the coming of the day when there will be no trading, no friendship, and no intercession. Those who deny the Truth are unjust (2:254)

And spend in the way of Allah and do not throw [yourselves] with your [own] hands into destruction [by refraining]. And do good; indeed, Allah loves the doers of good (2:195)

Rather on the day of judgement one would be punished for saving extra for themselves beyond their needs in this world. As Islam is a religion which supports the circulation of money in the society, hence it strongly condemns the accumulation of wealth.

And let not those who [greedily] withhold what Allah has given them of His bounty ever think that it is better for them. Rather, it is worse for them. Their necks will be encircled by what they withheld on the Day of Resurrection. And to Allah belongs the heritage of the heavens and the earth. And Allah , with what you do, is [fully] Acquainted (3:180)

And spend in the way of Allah and do not throw [yourselves] with your [own] hands into destruction [by refraining]. And do good; indeed, Allah loves the doers of good (2:195)

In Holy Quran, there are literally hundreds of verses emphasising the importance of spending money beyond one's needs, under the categories of

Sadaqah

Infaq

Zakah

Qarz e Hasanah & Infaq fe sabeel Lillah

This blog is based on our understanding of Allah's commandments in Holy Quran - the book of ultimate guidance. We would try to explain the difference in the above categories with Quranic references. It is then for the readers to think more about this topic and make decisions based on the evidence presented here.

Sadaqah & Infaq

Holy Quran is literally full of Ayahs on these topics. Before we explain the relationship of Infaq and Sadaqah you might like to watch and listen to the two parts video below with recitation and English translation of Ayah's 261 - 281 of Surah Al Baqarah. This is one beautiful collection of Allah's commandments on Infaq, Sadaqah and Riba (interest). Though we will not be discussing the topic of Riba in this blog. Even if you skip these videos, you will find most of these Ayahs described and referenced in this blog at various points,

Spending Wealth Part 1

Spending Wealth Part 2

Although the words Infaq and Sadaqah have been used interchangeably in the Holy Quran. On deeper analysis one can find that some categories of Infaq and Sadaqah overlap, while in other forms Infaq and Sadaqah are separate from each other as well. To understand the relationship between Infaq and sadaqah let us look at the Venn diagram below.

The overlap

Let us start with the overlap area first where, Allah has used the words Infaq and Sadaqah interchangeably.

And spend [in the way of Allah] from what We have provided you before death approaches one of you and he says, "My Lord, if only You would delay me for a brief term so I would give charity and be among the righteous" (63:10).

Allah has used the word Infaq for spending on parents as well as poor and needy as in 2:215

They ask you, [O Muhammad], what they should spend. Say, "Whatever you spend of good is [to be] for parents and relatives and orphans and the needy and the traveller. And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allah is Knowing of it (2:215)

The orange area (Infaq)

But when we look at the above Ayah 2:215 in the context of 9:60 and 12:88 (below) it becomes clear to us that Infaq on parents does not fall into the category of Sadaqah while spending on needy and those 'asking for help' does. So some categories of Infaq are Sadaqah while others are not.

Alms (sadaqat) are only for the poor and the needy, and the officials (appointed) over them, and those whose hearts are made to incline (to truth) and the (ransoming of) captives and those in debts and in the way of Allah and the wayfarer; an ordinance from Allah; and Allah is knowing, Wise (9:60).

So when they entered upon Joseph, they said, "O 'Azeez, adversity has touched us and our family, and we have come with goods poor in quality, but give us full measure and be charitable to us. Indeed, Allah rewards the charitable (12:88).

Infaq literally means 'spending', Allah has used this terms in various contexts and each context is subtly different from the others at times. For example, spending money routinely to help others and spending money if we have vowed (promised to spend, if Allah blesses us with our wishes) both fall under the category of Infaq.

And whatever you spend of expenditures or make of vows - indeed, Allah knows of it. And for the wrongdoers there are no helpers (2:270).

The blue area (Sadaqah)

As one can see that Allah has mentioned some other categories of Sadaqah here including paying ransom for captives, for which to the best of our knowledge Allah has not used the term Infaq specifically. It can still be argued that the later categories can also be classified as Infaq as well, but then there are Ayahs like 2:280 where writing off somebody's debt is classed as Sadaqah. This category clearly distinguishes Sadaqah from Infaq as one is not spending anything in hand rather letting go what one was owed.

And if the debtor is in a hard time (has no money), then grant him time till it is easy for him to repay, but if you remit it by way of charity, that is better for you if you did but know (2:280)

In simple words we can say where there is a matter of WAIVING ones right it falls purely in the category of Sadaqah separate from Infaq. This is substantiated by a number of Ayahs in Holy Quran. Like waiving the right to blood money is also Sadaqah as in 4:92.

And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake - then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment presented to the deceased's family [is required] unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if the deceased was from a people at war with you and he was a believer - then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty - then a compensation payment presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave. And whoever does not find [one or cannot afford to buy one] - then [instead], a fast for two months consecutively, [seeking] acceptance of repentance from Allah. And Allah is ever Knowing and Wise(4:92).

Similarly if one waives their right to Qasas is also Sadaqah as in 5:45.

And We ordained for them therein a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds is legal retribution. But whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him. And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed – then it is those who are the wrongdoers(5:45).

Another category of Sadaqah is money spent as a compensation (FIDYAH) for an Obligatory Practice which one was unable to perform due to legitimate reasons. In 2:196 Allah has set the compensation for not being able to shave heads in the context of Hajj to be either fasting, sadaqah or sacrifice.

And complete the Hajj and 'umrah for Allah. But if you are prevented, then [offer] what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And do not shave your heads until the sacrificial animal has reached its place of slaughter. And whoever among you is ill or has an ailment of the head [making shaving necessary must offer] a ransom of fasting [three days] or charity or sacrifice. And when you are secure, then whoever performs 'umrah [during the Hajj months] followed by Hajj [offers] what can be obtained with ease of sacrificial animals. And whoever cannot find [or afford such an animal] - then a fast of three days during Hajj and of seven when you have returned [home]. Those are ten complete [days]. This is for those whose family is not in the area of al-Masjid al-haram. And fear Allah and know that Allah is severe in penalty(2:196).

Allah Almighty has used the word Sadaqah for the money given by men to women at the time of their marriage (meher) as in 4:4.

And give the women [upon marriage] their [bridal] gifts graciously. But if they give up willingly to you anything of it, then take it in satisfaction and ease(4:4).

General principles and reward for Sadaqah

Sadaqah is one's personal act, and if somebody has not got the means to do Sadaqah it is a matter between that person and Allah, nobody should make fun of them as in 9:79.

Those who criticize the contributors among the believers concerning [their] charities and [criticize] the ones who find nothing [to spend] except their effort, so they ridicule them - Allah will ridicule them, and they will have a painful punishment (9:79)

One is allowed to do Sadaqah openly but doing sadaqah secretly is better, irrespective of the way one does Sadaqah Allah takes away our sins in return for Sadaqat.

If you disclose your charitable expenditures, they are good; but if you conceal them and give them to the poor, it is better for you, and He will remove from you some of your misdeeds [thereby]. And Allah , with what you do, is [fully] Acquainted (2:271).

Although, Allah has forbidden secret planning for most things but one is allowed to plan good deeds including Sadaqat in a group discreetly.

No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation between people. And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allah - then We are going to give him a great reward (4:114).

Allah has given us the example of Munafiqeen that they promised Allah to spend in Sadaqah if they were blessed with money 9:75, and when they were rewarded they did not do the Sadaqah 9:76. So Allah will severely punish them 9:79. In this there is the lesson for us to fulfil the promises of Sadaqat we make to Allah to seek his blessings.

And among them are those who made a covenant with Allah , [saying], "If He should give us from His bounty, we will surely spend in charity, and we will surely be among the righteous (9:75)."

But when he gave them from His bounty, they were stingy with it and turned away while they refused (9:76).

On the contrary there is a great reward for those who do Sadaqah 33:35 and doing Sadaqah is a characteristic of salaheen 63:10. Those who do Sadaqat and spend in the way of Qarz-e-Hasanah (described later) will have a great reward (57:18).

Indeed, the Muslim men and Muslim women, the believing men and believing women, the obedient men and obedient women, the truthful men and truthful women, the patient men and patient women, the humble men and humble women, the charitable men and charitable women, the fasting men and fasting women, the men who guard their private parts and the women who do so, and the men who remember Allah often and the women who do so - for them Allah has prepared forgiveness and a great reward (33:35).

Indeed, the men who practice charity and the women who practice charity and [they who] have loaned Allah a goodly loan - it will be multiplied for them, and they will have a noble reward (57:18).

At the same time, we can find Allah's commandment to Holy Prohpet PBUH (9:102-104) to take Sadaqat from those believers who had done some bad deeds as a way of cleansing them and a means of seeking forgiveness from Almighty. This lays down the principle that doing Sadaqah can take away our sins only if it is accepted by Allah.

And [there are] others who have acknowledged their sins. They had mixed a righteous deed with another that was bad. Perhaps Allah will turn to them in forgiveness. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful (9:102).

Take, [O, Muhammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [Allah 's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for them. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing (9:103).

Do they not know that it is Allah who accepts repentance from His servants and receives charities and that it is Allah who is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful? (9:104)

All Sadaqat should be purely to gain righteousness and the persons doing Sadaqah should not remind the people they have helped, to cause injury or insult to those being helped.

Allah asks us to speak politely to the one who are in need of help, even if we are not in a position to help them at that point in time.

And if you [must] turn away from the needy awaiting mercy from your Lord which you expect, then speak to them a gentle word. (17:28)

Finally as already referenced above in 9:60 Sadaqat can be used legitimately for paying the officials running the charitable organisations or for the salary of those who collect the Sadaqat.

Let us now return to Infaq (the orange area in the Venn diagram above)

As mentioned in the introduction earlier, Allah has linked the attainment of righteousness with the spending of wealth in charity and for His causes. “Infaq” covers spending on parents, family, relatives, friends, neighbours, needy, poor, orphans and travellers.

In some places Allah has used a specific terms for spending of wealth particularly in spreading the religion, i.e 'Infaq fi Sabeel Allah' and 'Qarz e Hasanah' (literally; 'lending for a good reason') the later is discussed separately.

A common belief is that doing “Infaq” is not obligatory while Zakat is. There is some truth in this, but when we look at Quranic commandments we find out that personal acts of charity come before the establishment of a system of Zakat (which will be discussed in detail later). In the following verse of Surah Al Baqarah, we see that Allah has mentioned “spending of wealth” before establishing a system of Prayers and Zakat. This clearly emphasises on the importance of spending the wealth on people around us. It also confirms that Zakat is different from personal charitable acts of spending of wealth on people around us.

Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah , the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveller, those who ask [for help], and for freeing slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakah; [those who] fulfill their promise when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous (2:177)

Key Points from this Ayah are that general spending on good causes and 'Zakat' are two separate things. Commandment to spend comes even before Aaqeem us Salah wa Aa tuz Zakah. We will discuss in detail, why this is so in the section on Zakat but at this stage it should suffice to say that Infaq and sadaqaat are personal charitable acts and Zakat is a system of taxation set-up by the Islamic state.

How much Infaq one should do?

They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, "In them is great sin and [yet, some] benefit for people. But their sin is greater than their benefit." And they ask you what they should spend. Say, "The excess [beyond needs]." Thus Allah makes clear to you the verses [of revelation] that you might give thought (2:219)

Allah, the most beneficent and merciful, has left it open for us to decide what is our need and what is in excess of our needs. Allah has not given us any fixed figure as needs change with the time and circumstances, and people’s needs vary from each other, and Allah doesn't want any hardships for us. Whole life is a test, so is this question, what are our reasonable needs and what falls under extravagance? Allah has described excessive spending as a satanic act. Each one of us would be answerable to Allah on the day of judgement whether we spent too much on ourselves or did we strike the right balance to do Infaq while justly fulfilling our own needs first.

Children of Adam, dress well when attending the mosques, eat and drink but do not be excessive for God does not love those who are excessive (in what they do) (7:31)

Do not be a wasteful spender. Squanderers are the brothers of satan. Satan was faithless to his Lord (17:27)

Hence, One should spend any money in excess of their needs in the way prescribed by Allah and avoid wasteful spending on themselves.

Under the category of Infaq, who should we spend on?

Charity begins at home. Sometimes, while spending on the needy and poor to please Allah, we forget the needs and rights of our immediate family members. At other times, by mistake, we either take our family for-granted and undermine their requirements or we think that spending on other people has got priority over spending on our own family. In the above verse of Surah Al Baqrah, Allah has described the hierarchy of beneficiaries and we notice that Allah has mentioned parents and relatives before orphans, needy and the travellers. This verse shows the importance of spending wealth on our parents and family, and it is important that we spend our wealth in the order of priority. The whole idea is to prevent the accumulation of wealth in few hands, and to promote the flow of money in society so that everyone (including deprived, oppressed and needy) get benefit from it.

Principles of Infaq

One should do Infaq purely to please Allah and attain purity, and not to gain favours or rewards in this world, as they will be rewarded on the day of judgement.

[He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself (92:18)

They do not expect any reward (92:19)

Except the pleasure of their Lord, the Most High (92:20)

He surely will be pleased (when he will enter Paradise) (92:21)

Not upon you, [O Muhammad], is [responsibility for] their guidance, but Allah guides whom He wills. And whatever good you [believers] spend is for yourselves, and you do not spend except seeking the countenance of Allah. And whatever you spend of good - it will be fully repaid to you, and you will not be wronged (2:272)

After spending on people one should not make the recipient obliged or insulted, such people will be rewarded by Allah Almighty.

Those who spend their property for the cause of God and do not make the recipient feel obliged or insulted shall receive their reward from God. They will have no fear nor will they be grieved (2:262)

Infaq should be purely for Allah and not to show-off for any worldly reasons.

Those who spend their property out of a desire to show off and not because of their belief in God and the Day of Judgment, and (lastly) those who choose Satan for a friend; what an evil friend! (4:38)

At the same time Allah does not strictly ask us to hide our charitable acts and we are allowed to do charity openly as well. We believe that this is so that others around us also get motivated in doing charitable work.

Those who spend their property for the cause of God, any time during the day or night, in public or in private, will receive their reward from their Lord. There will be no fear for them nor will they grieve (2:274)

· Allah asks us to spend moderately. He asks us not to be extravagant in spending on ourselves and others. The concept is to spend sensibly so that we ourselves don’t end up in despair, destitute or poverty.

Who in their spending are neither extravagant nor stingy but maintain moderation (25:67)

And give the relative his right, and [also] the poor and the traveler, and do not spend wastefully (17:27)

And let not your hand be tied (like a miser) to your neck, nor stretch it forth to its utmost reach (like a spendthrift), so that you become blameworthy and in severe poverty (17:29)

Outcomes of Infaq

There is a great reward for those who do Infaq.

And the likeness of those who spend their wealth seeking Allah's Pleasure while they in their ownselves are sure and certain that Allah will reward them (for their spending in His Cause), is the likeness of a garden on a height; heavy rain falls on it and it doubles its yield of harvest. And if it does not receive heavy rain, light rain suffices it. And Allah is All-Seer of (knows well) what you do (2:265)

Allah promises great reward for Infaq on the day of judgement as well

Believe in Allah and His Messenger and spend out of that in which He has made you successors. For those who have believed among you and spent, there will be a great reward (57:7)

Say, Indeed, my Lord extends provision for whom He wills of His servants and restricts [it] for him. But whatever thing you spend [in His cause] - He will compensate it; and He is the best of providers (34:39)

So fear Allah as much as you are able and listen and obey and spend; it is better for your selves. And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his soul - it is those who will be the successful (64:16).

Punishment for stringiness (not spending the wealth)

Islam teaches us the lessons of generosity and open-heartedness. It condemns collecting of wealth and not spending it in the prescribed ways. Allah has promised punishment for those who do not spend wealth and those who ask others not to spend as well.

Those who are miserly and ask others to be stringy (as well) and hide what Allah has bestowed upon them of His blessings. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment (4:37)

[Those] who are stingy and ask other people to be stingy (as well). And whoever turns away - then indeed, Allah is the free of need, the Praiseworthy (57:24).

Allah knows that humans love their wealth, and Almighty dispels the false belief that money will stay with them forever, rather the fire of hell is promised for those who collect wealth and keep counting it.

Who collects wealth and [continuously] counts it (104:2)

He thinks that his wealth will make him immortal (104:3)

No! He will surely be thrown into the crushing fire (104:4)

Reference Link

The Blessings of Spending in the Way of Allah

Spending in the way of Allah is a great virtue. It occupies paramount importance in divine religions. All Prophets of Allah emphatically urged their followers to spend in the way of Allah. In this article, we shall take a brief look at some of the blessings of spending in the way of Allah.

True Attachment with God

The greatest benefit of spending in the way of Allah is that it establishes a strong bond between a person and his Creator. A man's heart generally lies where his wealth is. If he hides away his wealth in some secret place, he finds himself thinking about that very place all the time. In case of investment in a business or a company, he cannot help being pre-occupied with the continued viability of the investee. In short, what is evident from practical experience is that man's heart is affixed to his wealth. Keeping in view the foregoing explanation, it can be asserted that anyone who spends in the way of Allah would find that he is in an everlasting communion with God since he has entrusted Allah with his wealth. In this regard, Jesus is reported to have said:

"Lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also." (Mathew 6:20-1)

Stronger Ties with the Society

The second benefit which spending in the way of Allah affords the spender is that it helps him establish unfailing ties with his society. A little deliberation here will reveal that this achievement is not of less significance. Rather, it is one of the two pillars upon which the whole structure of religion is based. These two pillars, namely: prayer and spending, are a pre-requisite in order to make a person a true servant of God. The first pillar helps in developing a true relationship with the Almighty. And the second inculcates a deep-rooted connection amongst the members of the society. Hence, both play an unsurpassed role in nurturing and developing the persona conceived by the Quran. It is precisely for this reason that Salah (the prayer) and Zakah (alms-tax) find mention in the Quran side by side. For example, in the initial verses of Surah Baqarah, what immediately follows the mention of Salah is spending in the way of Allah.

As pointed out earlier, these two pillars in fact constitute the foundations upon which the entire structure of man's relationship with the Creator and His creation is erected. Consequently, one can safely conclude that the fabric of the Shariah too is based upon the prayer and spending. All ancient Semitic religions regard both these pillars as the origin of righteous conduct. Once someone asked Jesus about the great commandment in the law, Jesus enlightened him by saying:

'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind'. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like it: 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself'. On these two commandments hang all the law and the Prophets (Matthew, 22:37-40)

The best possible way to demonstrate affection towards a neighbor is to sympathize with him and help him out financially whenever he is in trying circumstances. Just as Salah is the only befitting way man can express his love for the Almighty, the only appropriate manner he can exhibit his appreciation for his neighbor is to spend for him whenever he is in need.

Both things apparently seem distinct and separate yet if are viewed from a holistic perspective the love of the neighbor would appear to be the direct outcome of the love of God. Anyone who loves God would certainly care for His creation since He has analogously regarded the whole mankind as His own children. Man is so created that whenever he loves someone he instinctively falls in love with everything related to him as well. So, when a person loves Allah he surely feels affection for His Creation and this affection ultimately results in spending to ease the sufferings through which the 'children' of his beloved Allah may be going.

The brimming love that man feels for Allah is the natural consequence of his sentiments of gratitude. When he observes carefully around himself the providence and power of Allah, he finds himself engulfed by the bounties of his Gracious Creator. This realization, on the one hand, gives rise to the sentiments of worship which naturally prompts him to offer the prayer and, on the other hand, induces him to be as much generous as possible to mankind since he has become cognizant of the fact that everything he possesses has been bestowed upon him generously by Allah alone.

It can therefore be concluded that the love for humanity is an offshoot of one's love for God and that both provide a rock-solid base for religion. While the former stands at the core of all human rights, the latter is the stream from which all religious obligations spring forth. Anyone who can willingly spend his wealth for others cannot be assumed to be careless when it comes to discharging other moral obligations. The only person who can be presumed to be the best member of a society is the one who has done away with his undue love of riches, because should this love prevail, it would awfully obstruct the normal flow of righteous conduct. The Holy Quran alludes to both situations in the following words:

"So, he who gave in the way of Allah and was god-fearing and believed in the good outcome [in the Hereafter], We shall, indeed, take him to [a fate] of delight. And he who was a miser and was indifferent and belied the good outcome [in the Hereafter], We shall, indeed, take him to [a fate] of affliction."(92:5-10)

Spending nurtures Wisdom (Hikmah).

The third benefit of spending is that it is like food and water for all the other religious obligations and creeds. It helps, on the one hand, all those righteous deeds which are yet feeble and have shallow roots in our soul and, on the other hand, it strengthens all beliefs which have not yet gained sound basis in our heart.

This stability and depth of all virtues and beliefs in a person is exactly what the Quran describes as Hikmah (wisdom). From certain indications of the Quran we may construe that the key to this wisdom is indeed spending in the way of Allah. At one place, the Quran delineates the benefits of spending in the following words:

"Satan threatens you with poverty and bids you to conduct unseemly. Allah promises you His forgiveness and bounties, and Allah cares for all and He knows all things. He grants wisdom to whom He pleases and he to whom wisdom is granted receives indeed a benefit overflowing."(2:268-9)

Only that spending brings this benefit to the spender which has been carried out in order to please Allah alone and to reinforce what is yet feeble in heart. Therefore, the parable described just before the above quoted verses begins as:

"And the likeness of those who spend their substance seeking to please Allah and to strengthen their souls."(2:265)

The part 'to strengthen their souls' implies that they spend in the way of Allah contrary to the ill wishes of their heart so that they can overcome all the impediments, which stand in their way to being a Godly person. The reward that God promises them in return is that He will of surety bless them with His bounties and bestow upon them the treasure of priceless wisdom.

Increase in Wealth

The fourth benefit of spending in the way of Allah is that it augments the wealth of the spender. The Quran says:

"The parable of those who spend their substance in the way of Allah is that of a grain of corn: It grows seven ears and each ear has a hundred grains. Allah gives manifold increase to whom He pleases and Allah cares for all and He knows all things."(2:261)

The Quran sheds light upon this fact in the following words as well:

"Allah blights usury and augments what is spent in His way."(2:276)

This spending no doubt will bear fruit in the Hereafter but in this very world the person who spends in God's way enjoys a fabulous increase, for the needy people who are helped pray for their benefactor. And, as these people are pitiful, they much deserve that their prayers be granted by the Merciful Master. From some Ahadith, we find that even the Angels of God pray for such a person:

"The Prophet said: 'Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says: 'O Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your cause', and the other [angel] says: 'O Allah! Destroy every miser'."(Bukharī: No. 1374)

It is, however, to be noted here that this 'increase' in no way means that the spender would find his safe overflowing with wealth or that his bank balance would increase or that the value of his property would augment overnight. Rather, it implies that the optimal benefit one can attain from the use of wealth is afforded to the person who spends in Allah's way. The benefit his wealth brings to mankind, others' wealth cannot undertake to fetch; the contribution his wealth helps make to the welfare of the society, others' wealth fails to make; how he succeeds to please the Lord, others remain unsuccessful; the profound respect and love he earns in others' hearts, others obnoxiously obsessed with piling up their riches cannot even visualize and, above all else, peace of mind, the spiritual elevation and satisfaction that he drives from this spending are in fact blessings which have eluded many grand emperors of this world.

Reference Link

Spending marks the believer

In the Name of Allah the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Spending is a fundamental character that marks a believer, Allah the Almighty said in the Noble Quran:

(Alif-Lam-Mim. [These letters are one of the miracles of the Qur'an and none but Allah (Alone) knows their meanings] This is the Book (the Qur’an), whereof there is no doubt, a guidance to those who are Al-Muttaqun [the pious and righteous persons who fear Allah much (abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which He has forbidden) and love Allah much (perform all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained)] Who believe in the Ghaib and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and spend out of what we have provided for them [i.e. give Zakat , spend on themselves, their parents, their children, their wives, etc., and also give charity to the poor and also in Allah's Cause - Jihad, etc.])

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 1-3]

Any collective meaning in Quran stays collective, hence, spending means to spend money, effort, time, and everything that Allah blessed us with.

What should we spend?

1- Spend of things we love:

Dear brothers, what should we spend? The answer to that is to spend from things we love, things we long for, things we usually choose for ourselves, and things that are a subject of our admiration, and this is what we should spend from. Allah the Almighty said in the Holy Quran:

(By no means shall you attain Al-Birr (piety, righteousness, etc., it means here Allah’s Reward, i.e. Paradise), unless you spend (in Allah’s Cause) of that which you love)

[Surat Al Imran, verse 92]

2- We were forbidden to spend from ill-gotten things:

Dear brothers, Allah forbids believers to spend from the following that is mentioned in this Ayah:

(and do not aim at that which is bad to spend from it, (though) you would not accept it save if you close your eyes and tolerate therein. And know that Allah is Rich (Free of all wants), and Worthy of all praise)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 267]

Dear brothers, when you spend, that will be for your own happiness and safety.

3- We were ordered to spend from (legally) earned things:

Spend from your Halal (legally earned) earned money, from your good money, from money that you earned legally according to Allah’s method, free from falsehood, deceit, , fraud, cheating, swindling, free from monopolizing, and that is earned from selling permissible goods without committing any impermissible affairs.

Allah said in the noble Quran:

(O you who believe! Spend of the good things which you have (legally) earned)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 267]

When do we spend? In adversities and prosperities:

Spending should be in prosperity and adversity, as spending is a steady behavior in the believer’s life, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(Those who spend [in Allah's Cause - deeds of charity, alms, etc.] in prosperity and in adversity)

[Surat Al Imran, verse 134]

Spending is when you are rich, when you are poor, when you are in economical hardship or when your economical state is good.

When do we spend? Secretly and in public:

Secretly and in public, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(Those who spend their wealth (in Allah’s Cause) by night and day, in secret and in public)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 274]

Spending in public has a purpose:

Dear brothers, sometimes, it will be beneficial to show your Sadaqa (alms-giving) if you are paying it to a nonprofit organization, but not to a person specifically, and that is because rich people compete with each other when there is a fund-raiser, each one of them tries to spend more, so on these occasions it is acceptable to give Sadaqa in public, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(If you disclose your Sadaqat (alms-giving), it is well)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 271]

Spending in private is to consider other’s feelings:

However, if you are giving your Sadaqa to a person, you should do that secretly in order to avoid hurting his/her feelings, dignity, and brotherhood in faith, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(If you disclose your Sadaqat (alms-giving), it is well, but if you conceal it, and give it to the poor, that is better for you. (Allah) will forgive you some of your sins. And Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 271]

How much should we spend?

Dear brothers, how much should we spend? Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(Let the rich man spend according to his means)

[Surat Al Talak, verse 7]

Do you think a person who owns hundreds of millions of dollars, should pay only five thousand (for example) to a non-profit project? Well, if such a person paid one million or many millions to that project, his wealth would not be affected.

One Dirham preceded thousand Dirhams:

Who knows how much you spend of your money? It is only Allah the Almighty, hence, the Prophet PBUH said:

a Dirham preceded a thousand Dirhams

[Al nasaee, and Ahmad by Abu Huraira]

What is important is the ratio of your donation to what you own in general. A rich man wanted to build a mosque, so he found the suitable land with a suitable price, and he signed the contract to pay half of its price, so the owner of the land, who happened to be poor with eight children and whose monthly salary was four thousand Liras and who worked as an orderly in a school, asked the new owner: “Where is the rest of the money?” To which the rich man answered: “That will be when you complete the concession” so the poor man asked: “What is the concession”, the rich man said: “you have to go to the religious affairs’ bureau (Awkaf) and you concede that this land is for building a mosque” and with surprise the poor man said: “Mosque!!”, then he tore up the contract and said: “By Allah I will be ashamed to sell a land that is going to be used for a mosque, I will donate it for the sake of Allah.

Then this rich man, who owns millions, said: “By Allah I felt so little in front of this orderly who owns nothing in this world but this land which he inherited a month ago, not to mention that his salary is minimal, and he lives in a rented house.

Dear honorable brothers, Allah the Almighty said in noble Quran:

(Let the rich man spend according to his means, and the man whose resources are restricted, let him spend according to what Allah has given him. Allah puts no burden on any person beyond what He has given him)

[Surat Al Talak, verse 7]

Acceptance of a donation is conditional:

It should be for Allah’s sake:

What is the condition for the charity to be accepted , Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(And the likeness of those who spend their wealth seeking Allah’s Pleasure)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 265]

Therefore, spending is a good deed, and good deeds won’t be accepted unless they are done in the cause of Allah, hence, the Prophet PBUH said:

The deeds are considered by the intentions, and a person will get the reward according to his intention

With sincerity, you will benefit from much deeds as well little deeds, and without sincerity, you won’t benefit neither little nor much of deeds. Allah the Almighty said:

(And the likeness of those who spend their wealth seeking Allah’s Pleasure while they in their ownselves are sure and certain that Allah will reward them (for their spending in His Cause))

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 265]

Not to render the spending by reminders and injury:

One of Allah’s guidelines to us is what is mentioned in the following Ayah:

(Those who spend their wealth in the Cause of Allah, and do not follow up their gifts with reminders of their generosity or with injury)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 262]

If you spend something, you should forget about it totally, and don’t say to that person (whom you gave money) every time you see him: “I hope that what I gave you cleared your distress?” because he will say back: “God bless you, you were gracious enough” then when you see him for another time you say: “I hope you were happy with that sum of money”. Don’t follow up your hand out with reminders or injury and you should know that Allah reserves your deed when you do it in His cause, and you don’t need to seek praise of those you spend on. So, when you do a good deed, try to forget it totally, and if you were the subject of a good deed, try not to forget it till you die.

Why do you spend?

1- Whatever you spend in good, it is for yourselves:

When you spend, you reassure yourself that you love Allah, and you prove to yourself that this money is to be used in solving so many problems in your life yet you choose to give it to your poor fellow brother, as if this sum of money you give to others is called Sadaqa because it indicates your Sidq (truthfulness) in your love to Allah, Allah the Almighty said:

(And whatever you spend in good, it is for yourselves)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 272]

If all people were believers it won’t increase My domain a thing, Allah said in the divine Hadith:

O My slaves, were the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and jinn of you to be as pious as the most pious heart of any man of you, that would not increase My domain a thing. O My slaves, were the first of you, and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to be as wicked as the most wicked heart of any man of you, that would not decrease My domain in a thing. O My slaves, were the first of you and the last of you, the human of you and the jinn of you to stand in one place and make a request of Me, and were I to give everyone what he requested, that would not decrease what I have, any more than a needle decrease the sea if put into it

[Muslim by Abi Zarr]

Therefore, Allah the Almighty doesn’t need His servants, but He orders them to spend so that He can reward them on the day of resurrection, many times more than what they spent, Allah the Almighty said:

(Who is he that will lend to Allah a goodly loan so that He may multiply it to him many times?)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 245]

Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(The likeness of those who spend their wealth in the Way of Allah, is as the likeness of a grain (of corn); it grows seven ears, and each ear has a hundred grains. Allah gives manifold increase to whom He pleases. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 261]

This resemblance is to clarify. It was mentioned in some Ahadith that a bite of food that one put in his wife’s mouth, will be as big as the mountain Uhod on the day of resurrection. If that is so, then how about when you solve a believer’s problem? How about when you help getting a young man get married? How about when you help two believers (husband and wife) to purchase a house? How about if you help in curing a patient? How about if you feed the hungry? How about if you save a family from being homeless? You should know that the Sadaqa is received by Allah’s Hand before it gets to the poor’s hand, and be hasty in paying Sadaqat as adversities won’t wait for you, and cure your patients by paying Sadaqat.

2- Whatever you spend in good, surely Allah knows it well:

Dear brothers, there are two Ayahs in the noble Quran that are critical, what does the spender wish for? Allah assured you that your Sadaqa is to be rewarded and is known by Him (and that what you wish for in general when you spend), because the spender of Sadaqa is like that who pays a visit to a patient and take a present with him, and he puts a card with his name on it on the gift and a few nice words to that patient, but actually the card is to inform the patient that this is his present not anybody’s else. Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(And whatever you spend in good, it is for yourselves, when you spend not except seeking Allah’s Countenance. And whatever you spend in good, it will be repaid to you in full, and you shall not be wronged(Charity is) for Fuqara (the poor), who in Allah’s Cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land (for trade or work). The one who knows them not, thinks that they are rich because of their modesty. You may know them by their mark, they do not beg of people at all. And whatever you spend in good, surely Allah knows it well)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 272-273]

Which means the followings:

1- Every charity is well-known by Allah so don’t seek praise:

Be assured that any spending you do is known by Allah, and you will do it without seeking praise from others, and as long as you spend that money sincerely in the cause of Allah, then Allah knows about it and will reward you for it.

2- Allah will compensate for you what you spend for charity:

The second meaning is that it is a fact that your money is less when you spend, so what do you wish for in this case? You wish for compensation, and you were granted that by Allah, Allah said in the noble Quran:

(and whatsoever you spend of anything (in Allah’s Cause), He will replace it. And He is the Best of providers)

[Surat Al Sab’a, verse 39]

Allah said in the noble Quran:

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 272]

An honorable brother told me that he gave his word that he will pay all the debts of his relative who died and who wasn’t rich, he said : “I thought the debts were close to ten or twenty thousand, but they turned out to be four hundred thousand” then he said: “By Allah I paid it all with pleasure because I gave my word to his orphan kids to pay their father’s debts, and by Allah a few days later, I sold stagnant goods, and my share was for the same amount of money that I paid”. Allah compensates for the believer, as He knows what you do and He compensates you.

3- Spending grants you the upper hand in marriage:

Spending grants you the upper hand in your marriage, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from their means)

[Surat Al Nisaa, verse 34]

When a man is stingy on his wife and kids, he loses his upper hand and his position, and as I always say: according to the Islamic culture as well as our traditions and customs every father is respectful , yet, the success of any father is not only to be respected, but to be respected and likable, and that won’t be achieved except by spending.

4- The charitable rich are surrounded by guards to protect them:

Dear honorable brothers, all the people who surround the charitable rich are guards to him, and all the people who surround the stingy rich are thieves, hence, people around you are either guards or thieves, and that is why Zakat (Alms-giving) purify the rich from stinginess, purify the poor from hatred, and purify the money from all the rights that others have in it, and it has been said that the stone that has been forced into the construction in a house will be the reason of its wreck.

5- Spending purifies the soul of the rich:

Purify means that the poor will be delighted because he feels that the society didn’t turn away from him, and that the society is concerned about him and his kids’ needs, hence, any person who works on elevating the prices of goods, which means decreasing the value of the money between the hands of the workers with limited resources, will be punished by Allah. If one’s salary is eight thousand, and you increase the price of electricity, water, or phones, what is left for him to pay for food? By such acts you are pushing him to earn ill-gotten money, because you decreased the value of his limited salary.

Dear brothers, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

(Take Sadaqah (alms) from their wealth in order to purify them and sanctify them with it)

[Surat Al Tauba, verse 103]

It purifies the soul of the poor, and it purifies the soul of the rich when he/she sees that he/she is helping to solve the nation’s problems, and he/she will feel the love that hundreds and thousands are holding in their hearts for him/her.

On whom should I spend?

1- Relatives deserve charity more than others:

The relatives deserve charity more than the others, and when we say relatives we mean three levels: blood relations , relatives (poorer), and relatives (believers), so the believers deserve charity more than the disbelievers, the righteous striving believers deserve charity more than the believers of less faith, and the closest relatives deserve charity more than the distant one.

2- Spend on the poor who does not beg of people:

The following Ayah is critical, Allah the Almighty said in the noble Quran:

?)Charity is) for Fuqara (the poor), who in Allah’s Cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land (for trade or work)?

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 273]

The indication I am aiming at is in the rest of the Ayah:

(The one who knows them not, thinks that they are rich because of their modesty)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 273]

Who does deserve your money? It is he who doesn’t ask for it, Allah the Almighty said:

(And in their properties there was the right of the beggar, and the Mahrum (the poor who does not ask the others))

[Surat Al Tharayat, verse 19]

The Mahrum is the poor, who doesn’t ask others, and people might not notice him at all and the heroism of the charitable person is to look for such person, and , not those who ask you and insist on you so you pay them just so you can get rid of them.

This Ayah urges you to find the poor and not the wait for the poor to look for you , because the real needy person won’t ask you because his dignity prevents him from doing so, he doesn’t demean himself in asking others , and he doesn’t cringe in front of the rich, therefore, this person deserves your money and you should look for him rather than wait for beggars.

Beware of beggars:

By Allah dear brothers, there are stories out there that are hard to believe, as some of the beggars own 40 million Pounds, houses, and cars, because it is easy money, and believe it or not, they have unions, and means to help them beg, like putting a cast on their arms , hiring a kid, and putting on torn clothes, and that is why you should look for the real poor person, the one who has dignity that prevents him from asking, and the one whom you think is rich because of his dignity, and this very person is the one who deserves your money.

One of our honorable brothers, may Allah bless him, established a project to stop beggary, and he investigated 1500 beggars himself, he swore to me that only five of them were real poor, and the rest have money in banks that varies from 700,000 to 40 million, and when he asked one of those why does he beg since he owns all this money he answered: “It is a matter of principle”.

Spending is about giving away money to the right people:

Dear brothers, spending is not about getting rid of money, and you are not done by spending unless you put it in the right hands, the low profile poor families, families with dignity, and families that are proud enough not to ask others. Allah the Almighty said:

(The one who knows them not, thinks that they are rich because of their modesty. You may know them by their mark, they do not beg of people at all. And whatever you spend in good, surely Allah knows it well)

[Surat Al Baqara, verse 273]

I don’t ask you to cease spending, but I ask you to put your money in the right place and the right hands.

Spending marks believers and stinginess marks disbelievers:

Dear honorable brothers, we should pay attention that this money you give away is your ride to the highest levels in paradise, and you should realize that money is power, and you are helping the society to be strong when you help a young man to get married, an unemployed person to work so he can afford getting married, and a single woman to find a husband, and by doing all that we are helping to fix this society. Dear brothers, a believer is meant to be a giver not a taker, Allah the Almighty said:

(By the night as it envelops; And by the day as it appears in brightness; And by Him Who created male and female; Certainly, your efforts and deeds are diverse (different in aims and purposes); As for him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and fears Him)

[Surat Al Lail, verse 1-5]

The believer gives, while the disbeliever was described as:

(But he who is greedy miser and thinks himself self-sufficient.,)

[Surat Al Lail, verse 8]

What will the poor spend?

Your money won’t be sufficient for all people so let your morals compensate for that. The poor is asked to spend once a year even if he/she doesn’t own his daily bread, and this is to make him/her feel the taste of spending even once a year. Though he/she doesn’t have money to spend but he/she has hundreds of ways to reach Allah. If you offer advice, if you proselytize to Allah, if you were a role model in your behavior, and if you paid a patient a visit, you will be doing your part, and there are thousands of other ways besides spending money that the poor can take to please Allah when he/she doesn’t find anything to spend, the evidence is in the following Ayah, Allah said:

(There is no blame on those who are weak or ill or who find no resources to spend [in holy fighting (Jihad)], if they are sincere and true (in duty) to Allah and His Messenger. No ground (of complaint) can there be against the Muhsinun (good-doers – see the footnote of V.9:120). And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)

[Surat Al Toba, verse 91]

He who accumulates gold and silver is under threat?

Dear brothers, Allah the Almighty said:

(And those who hoard up gold and silver [Al-Kanz: the money, the Zakat of which has not been paid], and spend it not in the Way of Allah, -announce unto them a painful torment.)

[Surat Al Touba, verse 34]

The scholars said: any money that its Zakat is paid, no matter how much it is, is not considered as hoarded treasure, and any money that its Zakat isn’t paid, no matter how little it is, is considered as accumulated treasure, and the previous Ayah applies to the owner of such money. Oh you who gives charity, you should add righteousness to your Zakat so it will be a crown on your head on the day of resurrection. Allah the Almighty said:

(Behold! You are those who are called to spend in the Cause of Allah, yet among you are some who are niggardly. And whoever is niggardly, it is only at the expense of his ownself. But Allah is Rich (Free of all wants), and you (mankind) are poor. And if you turn away (from Islam and the obedience of Allah), He will exchange you for some other people, and they will not be your likes)

[Surat Al Muhammad, verse 38]

A symbolic story: I am the first beggar:

I used to tell a symbolic story: A man was eating chicken with his wife when there was a knock on the door, it was a beggar at the door, so the wife was about to give him part of her meal, but the husband prevented her and said: throw him out. After a period of time, the relation between the husband and wife worsened, and she was divorced. After that she got engaged to a man and got married. Once, while the newly wed couple were eating chicken, there was a knock at the door, so she opened the door and came back trembling, and her husband asked her: who is that at the door, to which she answered: it is a beggar, so her husband asked again: who is he? She was confused and said: He is my ex-husband, so her new husband said to her: Do you know who am I? I am the first beggar.

When you behave arrogantly because of your money, you will be punished, and there are tens of stories in Damascus of people who went from being rich to being poor, Allah the Almighty said:

(Behold! You are those who are called to spend in the Cause of Allah, yet among you are some who are niggardly. And whoever is niggardly, it is only at the expense of his own self. But Allah is Rich (Free of all wants), and you (mankind) are poor. And if you turn away (from Islam and the obedience of Allah), He will exchange you for some other people, and they will not be your likes)

[Surat Al Muhammad, verse 38]

When you spend, you should be grateful to Allah that he gave you the chance to spend.

Again, let me repeat, the person who accepts your charity, is doing you a favor by accepting it, because he is giving you the chance to obey Allah, so be polite to those you give to.

Rich people in the time of Omar used to walk long distances to find a person who would accept their charity. The Prophet used to put the charity in the hand of the poor with his noble hand, and some charitable persons raise the hand of the poor when they give them out of politeness with Allah.

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds

Translation : Noora Al Sharabi

Auditing : Ghada Homad

Reference Link

Who gives his wealth away (in charity) to become purified(92:18)

The previous surah told us that the one who succeeded was the one who tried to cleanse himself and in this surah it tells you how to become clean and a person with great taqwa. In Arabic one would expect there to be a laam (li) in front of yatazakka which would indicate that this person gave his money in order to (li) cleanse himself. The laam however has been omitted to teach us that giving wealth will not purify one, rather Allah (swt) will. In the hope of cleansing oneself we should therefore give away our wealth and as a result Allah (swt) will clean the filth inside of us. Thus, the purpose of giving wealth is to cleanse oneself through the gift of Allah (swt). The surah began in verse five by discussing the one who gave a lot without qualifying what exactly is given. By not limiting the verse by adding an object, the verse is left open ended and general and opens up the possibility of people who don’t have wealth giving other things in abundance such as their time, effort, talent and even their money if they have a lot of it. In this verse though Allah (swt) specifically says wealth because even the poorest can give something and it does not have to be a lot which is why Allah (swt) does not ask for a lot. The condition to cleanse oneself is not to give a lot but to just give something. As Muslims we should be constantly giving away money to charity so that we lose the love of our wealth. We should also teach our children from a young age to be generous as giving and not giving is the key to being a good person in this surah.
Never will you attain the good (reward) until you spend (in the way of Allah) from that which you love. And whatever you spend – indeed, Allah is Knowing of it. (Al Imran 3:92).
Reference Link

"Purification Of Wealth" -'Zakah'

"Establish Salah and pay Zakah and bow down with those who bow down in worship." Al- Quran [al-Baqarah, 2:43]
Allah has related a story of some people who were earning that which Allah was providing them. However, they believed that they were earning their wealth because of their hard-work and they forgot that it is actually Allah who provided them with what they had earned. They said why should we share our wealth with the needy people as it belongs to us because we had been working hard for it. Allah then tested them until they finally returned to their Lord in submission. Allah says in Surah al-Qalam:
"Surely We shall try them as We tried the owners of the garden when they swore that they would pluck its fruit the next morning, without adding any reservation ( such as Insha'Allah, God willing). So a calamity from your Lord came down upon it while they slept, and by the morning it lay as if it had been already harvested.
At daybreak they called out to one another, saying: 'Go out early to your crop, if you want to pick its fruit.' So they went, whispering to one another: ' Let no needy person enter upon you in the garden today.' Thus they went out, fixed in their stingy resolve.
But when they saw the garden, they cried: 'Surely we must have lost our way! Nay, we have become destitute.'
The most upright among them said: 'Did I not tell you to glorify Allah? Why did you not glorify Him?' Then they said: 'Glory be to our Lord! Surely we were unjust,'and they started blaming one another. Finally they said: 'Woe to us! Surely we had become rebellious. It may be that our Lord will give us in exchange a better garden than this: surely to our Lord do we make our humble petition.' Such is the punishment in this life; but the punishment in the Hereafter is even greater, if they but knew it." [al-Qalam - 68:17-33]
There is another story in the Qur'an. Qaroon was a wealthy man from Bani-Israael, (" And We gave him of the treasures, that of which the keys would have been a burden to a body of strong men"). His belief was that he had earned all his wealth because of his own intelligence or knowledge, (Qaroon said: "This has been given to me only because of knowledge I possess."). Allah then destroyed him and all his wealth, "So We caused the earth to swallow him and his dwelling place. Then he had no group or party to help him against Allah, nor was he one of those who could save themselves." [Surah al-Qasas]
Allah has made Zakah obligatory on the Muslims to protect & purify our wealth. Rasulullah (sallallahu 'alaihi was- sallam) said "Allah has made Zakat obligatory simply to purify your remaining property,.." [Abu Dawud]. We should know that the one Who favours us can also take back what He had given us. We should also remember that Zakah does not replace Sadaqah. Zakah is obligatory on those who are entitled to pay, whereas Sadaqah (charity) can be given by anyone including those who have bear minimum or just a little more than nothing. Even a smile could be a Sadaqah.
"And in their properties there was the right of the beggar, and the mahroom" [51:19]
Allah says about the Muttaqeen that they spend from their income on those who ask them [beggars, lilssaili] as well as on those who are needy but they do not ask for help [Mahroom]. A beggar could be truly in need or could be a habitual one. However, it is the nobility of character that one should always give something when asked from someone. Even if a billionaire asks us for something, we should not let him go with nothing, at least give something. We should give according to our standard. How would you think about a millionaire giving a penny in charity!
"O believers, spend in Allah's Way the best portion of the wealth you have lawfully earned and that which We have produced for you from the earth, and do not pick out for charity those worthless things that you yourselves would not accept but with closed eyes.
Bear in mind that Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy." [al-Baqarah - 2:267]
Allah says that those people who are saved from the greediness and love of wealth, it is they who are successful.
"So keep your duty to Allah and fear Him as much as you can; listen and obey; and spend in charity, that is better for yourselves. And whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, (waman yooqa shuhha nafsihi) then they are the successful ones." [at-Taghabun - 64:16]
"And spend of that with which We have provided you, before death comes to one of you and he says:
"My Lord! If only You would give me respite for a little while (i.e. return to the worldly life), then I should give Sadaqah (or Zakat) of my wealth , and be among the righteous. [al-Munafiqoon - 63:10]
"And Al-Muttaqoon will be far removed from it (Hell).
He who spends his wealth for increase in self-purification, And have in his mind no favour from anyone for which a reward is expected in return, Except only the desire to seek the good pleasure of his Lord, the Most High; Such persons shall soon be well-pleased with Allah." [al-Lail - 92:17-21].
Reference Link

Zakat- Wealth Purification

The whole concept of wealth is considered in Islam as a gift from God. Every Muslim considers his condition in this world as a test from God. Wealth is one of the biggest trials for the mankind! As Allah mentions in the Quran:

“Your wealth and your children may be but a trial.” [Surah Taghabun 64:15].

Love of wealth is natural and it takes firm faith in Allah for a person to part with some of his wealth that cut back balances.

Allah pointed out in the Quran that one of the weaknesses for human beings is associated with love of wealth.

As Allah says: “Wealth and sons are allurements of the life of this world“ [Surah Kahf 18:46]. “And you love wealth with excessive love.” [Suah Fajr 89: 20]. “Verily he (man) is violent in the love of wealth.” [Surah Adiyat 100: 8]

“Verily! We have made that which is on earth as an adornment for it, in order that We may test them (the mankind) as to which of them are best in deeds.” (Surah Kahf 18:7).

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “Every Ummah (nation) has a test to undergo, my Ummah (nation) will be tried through wealth.” [Hadith Tirmidhee no: 481].

Islam has allowed wealth to be produced, distributed, acquired and spent in a way which is pleasing to God. The best way of succeeding against the test (fitnah) of wealth is to spend through charity. Islam is a religion that often encourages to be fostered by generosity. Islam has therefore made charity that is Zakah, obligatory and binding upon the believers who has annual surplus in their income. Allah promises great rewards to those who spend in His cause.

Lo those who believe and do good deeds and establish Salah and pay Zakah, their reward is with the Sustainer;' (Qur'an 2:277).“And Al-Muttaqun (the righteous) will be far removed from it (Hell). Those who spend their wealth for increase in self-purification, and have in their minds no favour from anyone for which a reward is expected in return, but only the desire to seek for the Countenance of their Lord; and soon will they attain (complete) satisfaction (when he will enter Paradise.” (Qur’an, 92:17-21).

Allah assures that whoever spends in His Cause, He shall bless His wealth. Such a person shall experience manifold increase in his wealth, up to seven hundred times. Allah refers to the following verses:

“The likeness of those who spend their wealth in the Way of Allah is as the likeness of a grain; it grows seven ears, each ear has hundred grains. Allah gives manifold increase to whom He wills. And Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures’ needs, All-Knower.”

(Quran, 2:261). “The person who lends to Allah, a good lending will receive many times more”. (Quran, 2:245 )

If someone wants to be a righteous person, he has to spend his wealth, without it he cannot attain righteousness. Allah does not love the impious and guilty people so He purified them through charity, as Allah says: “Allah does not bless usury (interest), and He causes you to give charity to prosper, and Allah does not love any ungrateful sinner“.(Baqara 2:276). The Quran elaborates the issue further: “Say: “Indeed my Lord enlarges the provision for whom He wills of His bondsmen, and narrows it for him. And whatsoever you spend for good He replaces it. And He is the Best of Providers” (Saba 34:39).

Both Satan and one’s own self (nafs) play a major role in pushing a person away from performing full obligation of charity. Allah advices us against this kind of deception in the Quran: “Satan frightens you with poverty and commands you towards immorality. But God promises you His forgiveness and His bounty” (Baqara 2:268).

In essence charity is a process of insuring the continuance of wealth rather than its loss, as highlighted by the Prophet: “Protect your wealth through zakat, cure your ill with sadaqa and be ready, against misfortunes with prayer. Prophet said: “Two angels descend each day; one of them praying ‘O God! Bestow prosperity on the wealth of those who are charitable,’ and the other imploring, ‘O God! Destroy the wealth of the miser”.

It is an integral part of Muslim character to give charity to those who deserve it. Zakat is one of the charity. Zakat is an Arabic word and it means both 'purification' and ‘enhancement‘. Another derivative of this word carries the sense of ‘Growth‘. It is because of the fact that Zakat helps the purification of human soul from miserliness, selfishness, lust and greed of wealth, hence, it develops the contributor a sympathy for the poor and needy and growth in goodwill. Zakat is an unique acts of worship, but not in physical way rather involving financial transaction. This is a very practical and simple measure that aims to re-distribute a small portion of wealth amongst the poor. Zakat is one of the five fundamental and third pillar of belief in Islam. It plays most significant duty that often coupled on the same level of importance as offering Prayer. Zakat is levied on the authority of the Quran and Hadith.

The Quran says: “establish worship, pay the poor due (Zakat) and bow your head with those who bow in worship” [Quran 2:43].

“And they were not commanded except to worship Allah , [being] sincere to Him in religion, inclining to truth, and to establish prayer and to give zakah. And that is the correct religion“. [Surah Bayyinah 98:5]

“These are verses of the Book full of wisdom, a guide and mercy to the doers of good -those who establish salat and pay zakat and have the assurance of the Hereafter.” (Quran 31:4).

The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said: "Blessed is the wealth of a Muslim from which he gives to the poor, to orphans and to needy travellers." [Sahih Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith 544].

It is an acknowledged fact that the love of material things is the real enemy of prayer. It turns a man away from Allah and the After-life. The Prophet said: “The root of all evil is the love of worldly things.” (Mishkat).

Zakat is the key to increase our sustenance and protects our wealth as well as counted as among those of God-conscious because they make great sacrifice as well as obtains religious sanctions for his possession. Allah pointed this directly to His Messenger in the verse of Surah Tawbah:

“Take alms from their wealth in order to purify them and sanctify them with it...” [Quan 9:103].“Indeed Allah increases for whomsoever He wishes”. (Baqara 2:261)

Zakat is meant not only to help and do good to other people who need and receive it, but more importantly it has the highest subjective value for the person who gives it. When we reflect the wisdom of Allah’s calling man to share a little of wealth with those in need, we get sense of feeling and satisfaction in our soul that we have done something that makes someone else happy; we have alleviated the sufferings of some other people; we have indeed fulfilled our responsibility to show our caring attitude to others as well as get spiritual benefits like mercy and blessing in this world and rewards in the hereafter. The following statement testifies in the Quran.

So fear God as much as ye can; listen and obey; and spend in charity for the benefit of your own soul…” [Surah Kahf 18:46]

One of the most important principles of Islam is that whatever wealth that we have earned and created respectively belong to Allah, we human beings are only sacred trustee. When Zakat is collected and distributed correctly it minimises the needs of citizens to such an extent that there is a fair standard of living for everybody within the community. A contributor should not seek fame or praise for carrying out such duty nor show proud or arrogant or expect something in return, which in fact nullify his good deeds.

Zakat is not a tax levied by a government nor is it a voluntary contribution to a charity. It is designed and decreed by Allah compulsory to purify our accumulated wealth and re-distribute it to certain categories of eight people, as Allah says:

“The alms are only for the poor, and the needy and those employed to collect the funds; and to attract the hearts of those who have been inclined towards Islam; and to free the captives; and for those in debt; and for those struggling for the cause of God, and for the wayfarer (a traveller who is cut off from everything); a duty imposed by God.” (Surah Tawbah 9:60).

“So I will decree it [especially] for those who fear Me and give Zakaat and those who believe in Our verses“. {Allah refers this verse to the people of previous books} (Quran 7:156).

"Allah did a foretime take a covenant from the Children of Israel, and We appointed twelve chieftains among them. And Allah said: "I am with you: if ye (but) establish regular prayers, give Zakat (regular charity), believe in my messengers, honour and assist them, and loan to Allah a beautiful loan, verily I will wipe out from you your evils, and admit you to Gardens with rivers flowing beneath; but if any of you, after this, resisteth faith, he hath truly wandered from the path or rectitude." [Quran 5.12]

"We ordained therein for them: "Life for life, eye for eye, nose or nose, ear for ear, tooth for tooth, and wounds equal for equal." But if any one remits the retaliation by way of charity, it is an act of atonement for himself. And if any fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are wrong-doers." [Quran 5.45]

"Those who slander such of the believers as give themselves freely to (deeds of) charity, as well as such as can find nothing to give except the fruits of their labour,- and throw ridicule on them,- Allah will throw back their ridicule on them: and they shall have a grievous chastisement." [Quran 9.79]. "Then, when they came (back) into (Joseph's) presence they said: "O exalted one! distress has seized us and our family: we have (now) brought but scanty capital: so pay us full measure, (we pray thee), and treat it as charity to us: for Allah doth reward the charitable." (Quran,12:88).

Zakat is a completion of Islam

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “Pay the Zakaat so that your Islam becomes complete.” [Al-Bazzar].

Zakat is a social security

Zakat is like a social security for the weak and a protection for the society against destructions. It is awakening the springs of goodness in the human heart and its strengthening the society with the bond of love, affection and brotherhood. As Allah says in the Quran “And spend of your substance in the cause of Allah, and make not your own hands contribute to (your) destruction; but do good; for Allah loveth those who do good” (Quran 2:195).

Zakat grows wealth and allows it to be blessed

The concept of Zakah is to decrease the love of wealth and inculcate justice, generosity, affection and sacrifice among the Muslims and thus Allah says: “By no means shall you attain righteousness (and reward) unless you spend of that which you love.” [Surah al-Imraan (3): 92].

Allah says: “Those who establish Salaah and spend out of that which We have provided them. It is they who are believers of truth” [Surah al-Anfal (8): 3-4].

“That which you give in gifts (to others), in order that it may increase (your wealth by expecting to get a better one in return) from other people's property, has no increase with Allah, but that which you give in Zakat seeking Allah's Countenance, then they shall have manifold increase.” [Surah ar-Rum (30): 39]

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “By spending in charity, the wealth does not decrease; one who forgives, receives more honor from Allah and he who adapts humility rises higher in position.” [Saheeh Muslim (vol: 4, no: 6264)]

Conditions of Zakat

Every Muslim man or woman, major or minor , *sane or insane * who is a free citizen and holds total wealth exceeding the prescribed minimum limit for one full year is obliged to pay Zakat from his lawful earnings. In another expression Zakat is the amount of money that every mentally stable and financially able adult, has to pay to support specific categories people as defined below in surah Taubah (9:60).

The wealth should be free from the rights of other people and the owner enjoys full right to dispose and use his wealth as he wills, since Allah says: “Take from their wealth as a Sadaqah …” [9: 103].

The following eight (8) categories of people Allah mentions in the Quran (9:60):

1. The poor - those who can meet basic needs but have neither wealth or secure livelihood.

2. The needy – the extremely poor who cannot meet even basic needs.

3. Those persons who are appointed to collect Zakat; (regardless of personal wealth).

4. Those who have recently converted or are considering converting to Islam.

5. Zakat may be used to purchase the freedom of slaves.

6. A person whose debts exceed his assets.

7. Those who are away from home working in the path of God.

8. A traveller, who is stranded and in need of financial assistance.

Principle governing the levy of Zakat is that only those assets are Zakatable which either fall within the definition of money, or are the metals universally accepted as a medium of exchange like silver and gold. All other assets are not Zakatable unless they are meant for trade and resale.” Since diamonds neither fall under the definition of money nor are a metal accepted as a medium of exchange, so, according to Usmani, they are not “Zakatable” unless they are meant for trade and resale.

According to overwhelming of the Muslim scholars view that there is no zakah for mas (diamond), durr (pearls), yaqut (sapphire or ruby), lu`lu` (pearl), marjan (coral), zabarjad (chrysolite), and other precious stones unless they are acquired for the purpose of resale. There are, however, some jurists like Imam Ahmad who believe that all precious stones are liable to zakah, even if they are kept for personal use. [Al-Sayyid Sabiq, Fiqh al-Sunnah]

Zakat is levied only on what remains after satisfaction of one’s basic necessities. The owner should deduct any amount of money he or she borrowed from others ie due credits, donations, taxes, insurance etc.

Zakat may be distributed either directly to individuals or entrusted Muslim welfare organisation.

If you have a second house for investment purposes, this is Zakatable. You would pay 2.5 percent on the total saved from the house ie 2.5% of all net yearly savings which includes the worth of jewellery (gold & silver). . This excludes what is spent on maintenance or property taxes and insurance. Zakat is fall over you if you are full ownership and power of selling them and elapsed for a year. If Zakatable things are parished, lost or sold within one year, then there is not Zakat for it. If he loses his property after it is due, the responsibility of payment doesn’t cease. This can be indicated by the following hadith. Any mahr or inheritance you receive that is zakatable has to be paid if a year has elapsed over it

Zakat is not obligatory on the person who got the loan amount, as it is not his own wealth. It is just a loan to be returned after he gets it.

Abdullah Ibn Umar (ra) explains that Zakat is payable on property (in nature of wealth) which has remained in the hands of the person for one full year from the time it was acquired by him.” [Authenticated by Shaikh al-Albanee in Sunan at-Tirmidhee (vol: 2, no: 515)].

It is noteworthy to think charity as little, because if it’s considered great, it grows self praise which destroys an action. Some scholar say that when one considers a religious action little, it becomes great to Allah and when a sin is considered great, it becomes little to Allah and vice versa.

People entitled to take Zakat

Zakat consists of spending a portion of one’s wealth for the benefit of the Fuqarah and al-Masakeen.

Fuqarah are those poor people who do not beg. They may have money but not sufficient for their basic needs.

Masaakeen are those people who beg because they do not have food and clothing or may have something for their basic needs.

Striving in the cause of Allah (Jihad) includes all those works, which propagate and spread the knowledge of Deen, for e.g; publication of books. It is the obligation for the Muslims to concern and provide the basic needs of life to those of its citizens who are unable to earn due to physical disability, unemployment or any other reason.

There are many ways zakat can be distributed, below are some examples given:

a. Providing equipments for the poor disable

b. building houses for the poor

c. establishing and running clinics and hospitals for the poor

d. providing money to poor young men who want to marry but cannot afford Mahr

e. to assist poor travellers

f. to establish water springs for the poor

g. to defend Muslims who are under attack

h. For television, radio or newspaper project aimed at doing Dawah

i. to help someone in business, education, etc

On the authority of Ata bin Yasar (ra) related that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “A rich person does not deserve to be given out of Zakat funds except in the five cases:

(a) one who is fighting or striving in the Cause of Allah (Jihaad),

(b) one who is administering Zakaat funds,

(d) one who wants to buy from a poor man certain things which has been given him as Zakaat and

(e) an indigent who receives something by way of Zakaat; that neighbour, although a rich person, is allowed to accept a gift the offering made by his poor neighbor.” [Sunan Abu Dawood (1/1440)].

Zakat begin with the nearest kin:

Islam made Zakat for the humanitarian and establishing social justice and provided prosperity and security first for the nearest kin.

The following hadiths give some indication:

The Prophet reported to said: "Charity given to a relative it serves a double purpose, being both charity and a connecting link." - [Tirmidhi, Hadith 60].

Zakat on Ornaments:

“ When a piece of property reaches upto the prescribed limit and Zakat is duly pain on it, it is not Kanz”. (Abu Dawood)

Zakat for Debtors, who cannot pay their debts:

Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri (ra) relates that a trader of fruits suffered immense loss due to damage on his fruits and he became heavily indebted. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “Spend charity on him” The people came forward with their offerings, yet the debts could not be rendered in full. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) urged the creditors to take whatever was given to them and write off the balance. [Saheeh Muslim].

Goods Exempted from the obligation of Zakat

Articles of personal Use: Items of personal use like residential houses, plots of land for house construction, cars, furniture, fridge, personal weapons or animals are exempted from Zakaat, regardless of their value. Abu Hurayrah (ra) relates that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) states: “There is no Zakaat in respect of houses and the slaves.” [Saheeh al-Bukharee (vol: 2, no: 542)]

No Zakat for Animals use in agricultural fields:

Abu Hurayrah (ra) narrates in a lengthy hadeeth that no Zakaat is payable in respect of animals which are put to some use or other. [(Saheeh Ibn Khuzaymah lil Daktoor Mustafa al-Azmi (vol: 4, no: 292)]

No Zakat for Vegetables:

Ali (ra) relates that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “There is no Zakaat on (a) Vegetables, (b) Aariyat trees , (c) Grains less than 5 wasaq (725 kg), (d) Animals kept for personal use and (e) Jabah.” [Daraqutni (vol: 2, p: 95)]

Aariyat trees are such fruit-bearing trees which a rich man may temporarily give at the disposal of a poor man to obtain benefit from.

Jabah refers to a horse or even a donkey.

The following properties and assets have been exempted from the levy of Zakat:

a) Personal use like household goods, car

b) Residential house

c) Slaves and servants

d) Vegetables and Fruits

e) Animals for personal use like horses

f) Livestock

f) Precious stones like crystal

Zakatable Binding

Allah has provided mankind the ultimate solution to all money crises - “Zakat” - He has prohibited the hoarding of wealth and has secured the rights of the poor and needy.

* Zakat is binding on gold, which reaches 87 grams (7.5 tolas) at the rate of 2.5% either in gold itself or its value.

* Zakat is binding on silver when the quantity of silver reaches 612 grams (52.5 tolas) at the rate of 2.5% in silver itself or its value.

{It is incorrect to combine the quantity of gold with the quantity of silver and value them for Zakaat}.

* 2.5 percent-on annual savings that are Zakatable ( E.g £2.50# £100, £25# £1000)

* 5 percent-on agriculture being taken care of by a farmer who is planting and irrigating from his own money. During harvest time, he pays five percent from the total crop.

* 10 percent-on a farmer's product if it is being irrigated by rain

* 20 percent-on resources like oil or precious metals (i.e. gold, silver) which you find on a piece of land that you own. Sakr notes that this is "your property, no one has the right to nationalize it". You would pay 20 percent on what you produced in one year.

Zakat for Business in trade

Amr bin Hamas from his father, reported that he used to sell plain leather and quiver, (case for arrows). Umar (ra) happened to pass by and remarked that Zakaat was required to be paid. [Musnad Ahmad, al-Bayhaqee, Daraqutni (vol: 2, p: 215) and others].

According to scholars, Zakat for business trade is levied by the following conditions:

* If a businessman earns a certain amount from his business, whatever he saves after taking care of his family's needs and his business expenses, he pays Zakat of 2.5 percent on what he has saved.

* A businessman has to pay Zakah on the commodities in his store. This would require evaluating the purchasing power of the commodity and then paying 2.5 percent on this amount.

* Everything is from Allah and everything goes back to Allah. The more you give on your commodities, the better, and it does not have to be 2.5 percent.

No Bragging about Zakat

Spending of wealth should not be for show-off and one should not boast of it publicly. It is a bad manner in Islam to brag about when one is given Zakat nor is it given to gain favours or influence others. When giving a Zakat, the believer must purify his intention and make his purpose just for the sake of gaining Allah's pleasure and rewards in the Hereafter. We should always keep it in our mind that zakat is given as a present and not expecting anything in return. The believer must not follow his charity by harming the one who is receiving it, nor should he keep on reminding him of his generosity. Hurting the one who receives a charity by any mean would only nullify (i.e. cancel) the reward of the charity (ie good deeds will go in vain).

Allah says:

“O you who believe! Do not render in vain your charity by reminders of your generosity or by injury, like him who spends his wealth to be seen of men, and he does not believe in Allah, nor in the Last Day. His likeness is the likeness of a smooth rock on which is a little dust; on it falls heavy rain which leaves it bare. They are not able to do anything with what they have earned. And Allah does not guide disbelieving people.”

(Surah Baqarah 2:264).

"Kind words and the covering of faults are better than charity followed by injury. Allah is free of all wants, and He is Most-Forbearing." [Quran 2.263].

“And turn not your face away from men with pride, nor walk in insolence through the earth. Verily, Allah likes not any arrogant boaster“. [Surah Luqman 31:12].

Giving Zakat secretly

Whatever we spend in the way of Allah should be purely for the sake of Allah; not for seeking praise or recognition from others but to eliminate our miserliness, remove show-off and thus gain liberation to pay attention to Allah. It is better when one is giving Zakat in secret because it maintains dignity and guard against any hypocritical motives. In another word, one can be safe from the danger of show or greed. So keep it private between you Lord and yourself.

As Allah says: "If you give charity openly it is a good thing; and if you do so secretly it is better for you than everything”. And furthermore, “and He will remove some of your sins. And Allah is Aware of what you do." (Qur'an 2:271). "In most of their secret talks there is no good: But if one exhorts to a deed of charity or goodness or conciliation between people, (secrecy is permissible): To him who does this, seeking the good pleasure of Allah, We shall soon give a reward of the highest (value)." [Quran 4.114]

Giving Zakat openly

Giving charity openly does have its benefits, as it encourages others to do the same. It creates a sense of responsibility and raises awareness regarding the state of the Muslim Ummah and how people can contribute; it serves as a motivating factor.

“Those who spend their wealth (in Allah’s Cause) by night and day, in secret and in public, they shall have their reward with their Lord. On them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.” [Quran 2.274].

Zakat payment time

According to Imam Ghazali, Zakat can be paid in 2 years advance. It can be paid in the month of Muharram, the first month of Hijra, which is one of the pure months or it can be paid in the month of Ramadan as the Prophet (pbuh) paid most of his charity in this month and there is the excellence of the blessed night and time of pilgrimage in this month. The last ten days of Ramadan and first ten days of Zilhaj month are excellences. Zakat can be paid either through daily basis or paying in a large bulk once a year and can exceed the prescribed proportion. This gives us a chance to help any crisis arises in Ummah. The more charity you pay the better because it makes up in your shortcomings as well as you get multitude of reward in the hereafter.

Zakat from lawful income

All monies donated must be from a legitimate source, not earning by bribery or other unlawful ways. Zakat should be paid out of the income earned only by fair and honest means. Whatever is paid should be respectable. If cheap and worthless stuff is given in zakat it will go in vain.

Allah is only well pleased with the Zakat which is paid from lawful earnings:

Usama bin Umar (ra) transmits from his father who said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: “Prayers without cleanliness are not accepted by Allah, similarly any charity from ill-gotten wealth is not accepted.” [(Authenticated by Shaikh al-Albanee Saheeh Sunan an-Nisa'ee (vol: 2, no: 2364)].

Allah, the Almighty said: “O son of Adam! Spend, I will spend on you. The right hand of Allah is full and overflowing and nothing would diminish it by over-spending day and night”(Shahih Muslim).

Do not delay Zakat

A Muslim is ought to give to zakat whole-heartedly for the sake of Allah, not being lethargy. Most Muslims prefer to give their Zakah in Ramadan because there are more rewards for doing so, but some people think it is not necessary to pay Zakah in this blessed month. There is a chance of falling into sin if its paid late just like the miss prayers. However it should be paid Zakat as soon as possible as life is uncertain and member of our family might be unaware of it as we usually pay it secretly or they might not be to able to pay it that we owe as we might not leave anything behind as an inheritance. For example the prophets, whatever they left including property are given away to the poor and needy, not to their relatives.

The Prophet (pbuh) said: "The prophets' property will not be inherited, and whatever we leave is to be used for charity." (Sahih Al-Bukhari).

One should not be a niggard (a miser), for Allah does not likes a niggard. Whoever does miserliness is their own loss, for they shall be deprived of the blessings from Allah.

Allah says: “Behold! You are those who are called to spend in the Cause of Allah, yet among you are some who are niggardly. And whoever is niggardly, it is only at the expense of his own self. But Allah is Rich and you are poor.” (Surah Muhammad 38:47).

“Do not show lethargy or negligence in giving alms (Zakat) and charity till your last breath.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

The Prophet also said: "Give charity without delay, for it stands in the way of calamity." - [Tirmidhi, Hadith 589]

The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said: "Give charity without delay, for it stands in the way of calamity." - Al-Tirmidhi, Hadith 589.

Yahya related to me that Malik said, "I consider that if a man dies and he has not paid zakat on his property, then zakat is taken from the third of his property (from which he can make bequests), and the third is not exceeded and the zakat is given priority over bequests. In my opinion it is the same as if he had a debt, which is why I think it should be given priority over bequests." Malik continued, "This applies if the deceased has asked for the zakat to be deducted. If the deceased has not asked for it to be deducted but his family do so then that is good, but it is not binding upon them if they do not do it." Malik continued, "The sunna which we are all agreed upon is that zakat is not due from someone who inherits a debt (i.e. wealth that was owed to the deceased), or goods, or a house, or a male or female slave, until a year has elapsed over the price realised from whatever he sells (i.e. slaves or a house, which are not zakatable) or over the wealth he inherits, from the day he sold the things, or took possession of them." Malik said, "The sunna with us is that zakat does not have to be paid on wealth that is inherited until a year has elapsed over it." [Imam Malik's Muwatta Chapter No: 17, Zakat, Hadith no: 16]

“And spend something (in charity) out of the substance which We have bestowed on you, before death should come to any of you and he should say, “O my Rabb (only God and Sustainer)! Why do you not give me respite for a little while? I should then have given (largely) in charity, and I should have been one of the doers of good.” (Qur’an, 63:10).

“Those whose balance of good deeds is heavy, they will be successful in the Hereafter” [Surah Hud 7:8].

People not entitled to take Zakat

Zakat is not allowed to give to one’s parents and non Muslims.

Ibn Abbas (ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) told Mu'adh when he sent him to Yemen: “Let the people know that Muslims owe compulsory levy of Zakat which will be taken from their rich and given to their poor.” [Saheeh al-Bukharee (vol: 2, no: 478)]

Rich and healthy (able-bodied) person:

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) never approved of Zakat being giving to a person well-off and with sound body. [ Related by Abdullah Ibn Amr (ra), Tirmidhee (vol: 1, no: 527)].

The reason behind this prohibition is that these people are commanded by the Shari'ah to work and support themselves and not lie back and depend on others. Thus, any healthy person should not be given Zakat unless he cannot find a job or he holds a job but the money is insufficient for him and his family needs, one may also provide him with the Zakat to start his work.

Zakah is basically for the poor and needy and most of it should be used to take care of their needs. Some people may raise or claim Zakat for buildings of Mosques and faith based Schools. However I believe that Muslims should make extra charity other than Zakah for constructions of Mosques and Schools. One of the reasons is any children from wealthy family may admits there, where hypocritical people may cause trouble and the child may start to feel distress, and thus dispute among the family. People should contribute it freely, voluntarily and abundantly from halal income in the hope of getting rewards for the Hereafter. The following hadiths may gives some indication:

Abu Hurayarah (ra) relates that Hasan bin Ali (ra) as a child once picked up a date and put it in his mouth. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) noticed this and said: “Spit it out, give it up. Do not you know that it is not befitting to take anything out of charity.” [Saheeh al-Bukharee (vol: 2, no: 568) and Saheeh Muslim].

The descendants of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) :

Anas (ra) stated: “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed by a date on a way and remarked: ‘But for the apprehension that this date might be charity, I would have eaten it.’ [Saheeh al-Bukharee (vol: 3, no: 363) and Saheeh Muslim].

The Prophet (pbuh) said, ‘Whosoever builds a house (Mosque) for the pleasure of Allah, whether it be small or large, Allah builds for him a house in paradise.’(Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, & Ahmad).

Allah’s Messenger said: “Whose Hands my soul is, whoever takes something from the resources of the zakat (unlawfully) will be carrying it on his neck on the Day of Resurrection; if it be a camel, it will be grunting; if a cow, it will be mooing; and if a sheep, it will be bleating." The Prophet (SAW) then raised his hands and said thrice, "O Allah! Haven't I conveyed Your Message (to them)?" [Sahih Bukhari 49, Hadith no: 781].

Non - Payment Zakat

Along with the blessings and bounties attached to the payment of Zakat, it is worthwhile mentioning the ill-effects of its non-payment.

Destruction of Wealth: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) mentioned that the wealth of those who do not pay the Zakaat is eventually destroyed. [Tabaranee]. In another narration, he (pbuh) said: “Those who neglect and do not pay Zakaat will suffer calamities like famine.” [(hasan) by Shaikh al-Albanee in Targheeb wa Tarheeb] and: “Whenever people restrain from paying the Zakaat due on their wealth, they will be deprived of rain. If it were not for the sake of their cattle they would not receive rain.” [Ibn Majah and al-Haakim]

Severe Punishment in the Hereafter: Apart from the misery and ruins faced in the world, those negligent of Zakaat will be severely punished in the Hereafter, Allah says: “Those who hoard up gold and silver (Kanz: the money, the Zakaat of which has not been paid), and spend not in the Way of Allah, - announce unto them a painful torment. On the day when that (Kanz) will be heated in the Fire of Hell and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks and their backs (and it will said unto them): - “This is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what you used to hoard.” [Surah al-Tawbah (9): 34-35].

Allah said: "My punishment - I afflict with it whom I will, but My mercy encompasses all things." [Surah Araf 7:156].

If a Muslim can save himself from the lure of wealth, he will be able to protect himself from many other vices. However, we must be remembered that the aim of zakat is achieved only when its payment is motivated by sincere desire and practical effort. Zakat is given in obedience to Allah’s command to purifying one’s wealth and fulfilling the obligation will be a means of enhancement and growth in the remainder of one’s wealth. Being charitable is one of the highest virtues and is considered a means of cleansing oneself spiritually and materially. Zakat demolishes one’s greed and illusion of worldly immortality. The benefit of sharing one’s wealth is not only enjoyed by the receiver but more so by the giver. It helps to establish the relationship between the members of the Muslim society, to alleviate the pain of the poor and needy, to cultivate the sense of brotherhood and solidarity in the hearts of the Muslims. Muslims believe Allah is the true Owner of the wealth and we, human beings, are merely trustees. Thus the pleasure of Allah should be the first and foremost consideration while paying Zakat in order to gain own spiritual benefit and progress.

Hoarding of Wealth

Islam does not discourage people from earning well and becoming rich. There is no objection on acquiring wealth with millions and ownership of property as long as they produced the wealth in a lawful way and have the obligation to be paid zakat and other generous and charitable duties to the poor and needy.

Allah says in the Quran: “Give them something yourselves out of the means which Allah has given you.” [Surah an-Noor 24: 33] And: “Spend (in charity) out of the (substance) whereof He has made you heirs.” [Surah Hadid 57: 7]

However, many people ruin their faith and fidelity merely due to the greed of wealth. This love of wealth creates in man evil instincts, miserliness, selfishness and arrogance, which in turn involve him in sins, falsehood, deceit, cruelty, etc. This causes disorder and destruction in the world and the Hereafter is lost too! Zakat is a way to prevent such nature.

We have to be cautious that we do not simply throw away the hard earned money in useless way (e.g gambling, wine) like the Mushrikeen.

As Allah says:

"O you who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of God, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom" (Quran 9:34).

“O you who believe! Spend of that which We have provided for you, before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining, nor friendship, nor intercession. And it is the disbelievers who are the Zalimun (wrong doers).” [Quran: 2.254]

The above verse of the Quran tells us that a Muslim should spend his/her wealth in this life. The amassed wealth shall be of no benefit for a person on the ‘Day of Judgement’; it is only the wealth that a Muslim spends that shall benefit him on that ‘Day’. Those who are saved from miserliness has indeed got salvation.

The Prophet is reported to have said: “Beware! Whoever is the guardian of an orphan who has property, should trade with it and should not have it (hoarded), lest the Zakat should consume it“. (Tirmidhi).

He also said: "This worldly wealth is [like] green and sweet [fruit], and whoever takes it without greed, Allah will bless it for him, but whoever takes it with greed, Allah will not bless it for him, and he will be like the one who eats but is never satisfied" [Bukhari, Muslim].

Abu Hurairah [ra] narrated that: Allâh's Messenger [pbuh] ordered me to guard the Zakât (obligatory charity) revenue of Ramadân. Then somebody came to me and started stealing of the foodstuff. I caught him and said, "I will take you to Allâh's Messenger!" Then Abu Hurairah described the whole narration and said: That person said (to me), "(Please don't take me to Allâh's Messenger and I will tell you a few words by which Allâh will benefit you.) When you go to your bed, recite Ayat-ul-Kursî (2:255), for then there will be a guard from Allâh who will protect you all night long, and Satan will not be able to come near you till dawn." (When the Prophet [pbuh] heard the story) he said (to me), "He (who came to you at night) told you the truth although he is a liar; and it was Satan." [Sahih Al-Bukhâri, 6/5010].

“Allâh! Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), Al-Hayyul-Qayyum (the Ever Living, the One Who sustains and protects all that exists). Neither slumber nor sleep overtakes Him. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His Permission? He knows what happens to them (His creatures) in this world, and what will happen to them in the Hereafter. And they will never encompass anything of His Knowledge except that which He wills. His Kursî (throne) extends over the heavens and the earth, and He feels no fatigue in guarding and preserving them. And He is the Most High, the Most Great.” (This Verse (2:255) is called Ayat-ul-Kursî)

“There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right Path has become distinct from the wrong path. Whoever disbelieves in Tâghût (false judgement) and believes in Allâh, then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold that will never break. And Allâh is All-Hearer, All-Knower.” [Quran, 2.256].

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