why the sky is blue

why the sky is blue

To understand why the sky is blue, we need to consider the nature of sunlight and how it interacts with the gas molecules that make up our atmosphere. Sunlight, which appears white to the human eye, is a mixture of all the colors of the rainbow. For many purposes, sunlight can be thought of as an electromagnetic wave that causes the charged particles (electrons and protons) inside air molecules to oscillate up and down as the sunlight passes through the atmosphere. When this happens, the oscillating charges produce electromagnetic radiation at the same frequency as the incoming sunlight, but spread over all different directions. This redirecting of incoming sunlight by air molecules is called scattering.

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⦁ Why The Sky Is Blue, According To Science

The fact that light of different wavelengths responds differently to interactions with matter proves extremely important and useful in our daily lives. The large holes in your microwave allow short-wavelength visible light in-and-out, but keep longer-wavelength microwave light in, reflecting it. The thin coatings on your sunglasses reflect ultraviolet, violet, and blue light, but allow the longer-wavelength greens, yellows, oranges, and reds to pass through. And the tiny, invisible particles that make up our atmosphere — molecules like nitrogen, oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, as well as argon atoms — all scatter light of all wavelengths, but scatter the shorter-wavelength light much more efficiently.
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The sky plays a crucial role in protecting the earth.
The sky protects the earth from the lethal rays of the sun.
If the sky did not exist then the sun’s radiation would have killed off all life on earth. It also acts like a blanket wrapped around the earth, to protect it from the freezing cold of space.
The temperature just above the sky is approximately -270oC. If this temperature was to reach earth then the planet would freeze over instantly.
The sky also protects life on earth by warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night[3]. These are some of the many protective functions of the sky.
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⦁ INTERSTELLAR MATTER

Space outside organized astronomical systems was earlier assumed to be a vacuum. Astrophysicists later discovered the presence of bridges of matter in this interstellar space. These bridges of matter are called plasma, and consist of completely ionized gas containing equal number of free electrons and positive ions. Plasma is sometimes called the fourth state of matter (besides the three known states viz. solid, liquid and gas). The Qur’an refers to the presence of this interstellar material in the following verse: “He Who created the heavens and the earth and all that is between.” [Al-Qur’an 25:59] It would be ridiculous for anyone to even suggest that the presence of interstellar galactic material was known 1400 years ago.
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⦁ “In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of night and day, there are signs for people with intelligence”[Quran 3:190]

Introduction

Ever since the dawn of mankind, we have sought to understand nature and our place in it. In this quest for our purpose of life many people have turned to religion. Most religions are based on books claimed by their followers to be divinely inspired, without any proof. Islam is different because it is based upon reason and proof.
There are clear signs that the book of Islam, the Quran, is the word of God. There are many reasons that support this claim:
There are scientific and historical facts found in the Quran which were unknown to the people at the time, and have only been discovered recently.
The Quran came in a unique style of language that cannot be replicated, this is known as the ‘Inimitability of the Quran.’
There are predictions made in the Quran and by the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which have come to pass.
This booklet lays out and explains the scientific facts that are found in the Quran, centuries before they were discovered. It is important to note that the Quran is not a book of science, but a book of ‘signs’. These signs are there for people to recognise Allah’s existence and revelation. Science sometimes takes a ‘U-turn’, what is scientifically correct today is false a few years later. In this booklet only established scientific facts are considered, not just theories or hypothesis. Before we move onto the scientific facts found in the Quran, the next section is a quick introduction to the concept of God in Islam.

CONCEPT OF GOD

In Islam, God is nothing like a human being or like anything that we can imagine. The concept of God is summarised in the Quran as:
“SAY, HE IS Allah, THE ONE, GOD, THE ABSOLUTE, HE DOES NOT GIVE BIRTH, NOR WAS HE BORN, AND THERE IS NOTHING LIKE HIM.”[112:1-4]
Allah gave us intelligence so we could use it to recognise his existence and to follow his guidance. When we reflect upon the nature of our world, we see order everywhere from the water cycle to the movement of the earth around the sun. Commenting on the order found in the universe, the physicist Stephen Hawking explains that the overwhelming impression:
“IS ONE OF ORDER, THE MORE WE DISCOVER ABOUT THE UNIVERSE, THE MORE WE FIND THAT IT IS GOVERNED BY RATIONAL LAWS.”

This observation is shared by the vast majority of scientists.
Since the universe has order and is governed by the ‘laws of science’, we should question how this order came about. The most effective way to answer this question is to reason to the best conclusion. Take your mobile phone for example: your phone is made of glass, plastic and metal. Glass comes from sand, plastic comes from oil and metal is extracted from the ground. Imagine you were walking in a desert (where there is lots of oil, sand and metals in the ground), and you found a mobile phone lying around. Would you believe that it came together by itself? That the Sun shone, the wind blew, lightning struck, the oil bubbled to the surface and mixed with the sand and metal, and over millions of years the mobile phone came together by chance?
No one would believe such an explanation. A mobile phone is clearly something that was put together in an organised way, so it would be rational to believe that it must have an organiser. In the same way, when we see the order in the universe around us, isn’t it rational to say that the universe has an organiser?
This ‘organiser’ is best explained by the existence of God. God is the one who bought about the order in the universe. Since Allah created the world, it makes sense that he would send a message to us about our purpose in life. Muslims believe this message is the Quran.
Allah is not male or female, the word ‘Him’ when used for God does not refer to gender

SCIENTIFIC FACTS IN THE QURAN

The Quran was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the 7th century. Science at the time was primitive. There were no telescopes, microscopes or anything even close to the technology we have today.
People believed that the sun orbited the earth and that the sky was held up by big pillars at the corners of a flat earth. Within this backdrop the Quran was revealed, and it contains many scientific facts on topics ranging from Astronomy through to Biology.
Some people may claim that the Quran was changed as new scientific facts were discovered. But this cannot be the case, because it is a historically documented fact that the Quran is preserved in its original language. The Quran was written down and memorised by people during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). One of the copies of the Quran which was written a few years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is preserved in a museum in Uzbekistan. This copy is over 1400 years old and is exactly the same as the Arabic Quran that we have today.

SKY’S PROTECTION

The sky plays a crucial role in protecting the earth. The sky protects the earth from the lethal rays of the sun. If the sky did not exist then the sun’s radiation would have killed off all life on earth.
It also acts like a blanket wrapped around the earth, to protect it from the freezing cold of space. The temperature just above the sky is approximately -270oC. If this temperature was to reach earth then the planet would freeze over instantly. The sky also protects life on earth by warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night. These are some of the many protective functions of the sky.
The Quran asks us to consider the sky in the following verse:

“WE MADE THE SKY A PROTECTIVE CEILING. AND YET THEY ARE TURNING AWAY FROM OUR SIGNS!” [21:32]

The Quran points to the sky’s protection as a sign of Allah. The protective properties of the sky were discovered by scientific research conducted in the 20th century. Reference:
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