Surah 080 of 114

سورة عبس

Abasa

42 verses

Ayat 1, 2

عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ.(1)

أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلْأَعْمَىٰ.(2)

The Prophet frowned and turned away(1) [Abasa: 1, 2]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

He, the Prophet, frowned, glowered with his face, and turned away,
because the blind man came to him: ‘Abd Allāh son of Umm Maktūm, who interrupted him while he was busy with those notables of Quraysh whose submission [to God] he was very eager for. The blind man was not aware that he was busy with these and so he called out to him, ‘Teach me of what God has taught you’. However, the Prophet (s) went off to his house. He was then reproached for this with what was revealed in this sūra. Afterwards, whenever he came to him, the Prophet would say to him, ‘Greetings to him on whose account God reproached me!’, and would lay down his cloak for him.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 3, 4

وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ.(3)

أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰٓ.(4)

Because there came to him the blind man, [interrupting].(2) [Abasa: 3, 4]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80:3]
And how would you know? Perhaps he would cleanse himself (yazzakkā: the original tā’ [of yatazakkā] has been assimilated with the zāy), that is, [perhaps] he would purge himself of sins by what he hears from you,
[80:4]
or be admonished (yadhdhakkar: the original tā’ [of yatadhakkar] has been assimilated with the dhāl) and so the reminder, the admonition heard from you, might benefit him (a variant reading [for tanfa‘uhu] has tanfa‘ahu as the response to the optative statement).

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Scientific Data

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 5, 6, 7

أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسْتَغْنَىٰ.(5)

فَأَنتَ لَهُۥ تَصَدَّىٰ.(6)

وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ.(7)

But what would make you perceive, [O Muhammad], that perhaps he might be purified(3) [Abasa: 5, 6, 7]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80:5]
But as for the one [who thinks himself] self-sufficient, through wealth,
[80:6]
to him you [do] attend (tasaddā: a variant reading has tassaddā, where the original second tā’ [of tatasaddā] has been assimilated with the sād), [him] you accept and turn your attention to;
[80.7]
yet it is not your concern if he does not cleanse himself, [if he does not] believe.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 8, 9, 10

وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسْعَىٰ.(8)

وَهُوَ يَخْشَىٰ.(9)

فَأَنتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّىٰ.(10)

Or be reminded and the remembrance would benefit him?(4) [Abasa: 8, 9, 10]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80:8]
but as for him who comes to you hurrying (yas‘ā is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of [the verb] jā’a, ‘comes’)
[80:9]
fearful, of god (wa-huwa yakhshā is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of [the verb] yas‘ā, ‘hurrying’) — this being the blind man —
[80.10]
to him you pay no heed (talahhā: the original second tā’ [of tatalahhā] has been omitted), that is to say, from him you are distracted [by other things].

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17

كَلَّآ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌۭ.(11)

فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُۥ.(12)

فِى صُحُفٍۢ مُّكَرَّمَةٍۢ.(13)

مَّرْفُوعَةٍۢ مُّطَهَّرَةٍۭ.(14)

بِأَيْدِى سَفَرَةٍۢ.(15)

كِرَامٍۭ بَرَرَةٍۢ.(16)

قُتِلَ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ مَآ أَكْفَرَهُۥ.(17)

As for he who thinks himself without need,(5) [Abasa: 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

perish man!, accursed be the disbeliever! what has made him ungrateful? (an interrogative statement meant as a rebuke) — what has driven him to disbelief?

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International

Ayat 18, 19

مِنْ أَىِّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقَهُۥ.(18)

مِن نُّطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُۥ فَقَدَّرَهُۥ.(19)

To him you give attention.(6) [Abasa: 18, 19]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80-18]
from what thing has he created him? (an interrogative meant as an affirmative, which he then explains by saying):
[80-19]
from a drop of sperm did he create him then proportion him, [in stages] as a blood-clot, then an embryo up to the last [stage] of his creation.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 4 entries

Ayat 20

ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُۥ.(20)

And not upon you [is any blame] if he will not be purified.(7) [Abasa: 20]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80-20]
then he made the way, his exit from his mother’s belly, easy for him;

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 4 entries

Ayat 21

ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُۥ فَأَقْبَرَهُۥ.(21)

But as for he who came to you striving [for knowledge](8) [Abasa: 21]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

then he makes him die and buries him, he places him in a grave that hides him;

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 22

ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُۥ.(22)

While he fears [Allah],(9) [Abasa: 22]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

then, when he wills, he will raise him, for the resurrection.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 23

كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقْضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُۥ.(23)

From him you are distracted.(10) [Abasa: 23]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

no indeed! verily, he has not accomplished, he has not done, what he, his lord, commanded him, to [do].

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 2 entries

Ayat 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32

فَلْيَنظُرِ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦٓ.(24)

أَنَّا صَبَبْنَا ٱلْمَآءَ صَبًّا.(25)

ثُمَّ شَقَقْنَا ٱلْأَرْضَ شَقًّا.(26)

فَأَنۢبَتْنَا فِيهَا حَبًّا.(27)

وَعِنَبًۭا وَقَضْبًۭا.(28)

وَزَيْتُونًۭا وَنَخْلًۭا.(29)

وَحَدَآئِقَ غُلْبًۭا.(30)

وَفَٰكِهَةًۭ وَأَبًّا.(31)

مَّتَٰعًۭا لَّكُمْ وَلِأَنْعَٰمِكُمْ.(32)

No! Indeed, these verses are a reminder;(11) [Abasa: 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80-24]
So let man consider, in reflection, his [source of] food, how it is determined and procured for him:
[80-25]
that We pour down water, from the clouds, plenteously;
[80-26]
then We split the earth into fissures, with vegetation,
[80-27]
and cause the grains, such as wheat and barley, to grow therein,
[80-28]
and vines and herbs (qadb is moist qatt),
[80-29]
and olives and date-palms,
[80-30]
and gardens of dense foliage, orchards teeming with trees,
[80-31]
and fruits and pastures (abb is what cattle graze; it is also said to be ‘straw’),
[80-32]
as sustenance (understand matā‘an as mut‘atan or tamtī‘an, as explained above in the previous sūra) for you and your flocks (also as [explained] above).

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 18 entries

Ayat 33, 34, 35, 36, 37

فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلصَّآخَّةُ.(33)

يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ ٱلْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ.(34)

وَأُمِّهِۦ وَأَبِيهِ.(35)

وَصَٰحِبَتِهِۦ وَبَنِيهِ.(36)

لِكُلِّ ٱمْرِئٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ شَأْنٌۭ يُغْنِيهِ.(37)

So whoever wills may remember it.(12) [Abasa: 33, 34, 35, 36, 37]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80:33]
So when the [deafening] Cry, the second blast, comes —
[80:34]
the day when a man will flee from his [own] brother,
[80.35]
and his mother and his father,
[80:36]
and his wife and his sons (yawma, ‘the day [when]’, is a substitution for idhā, ‘when’, the response to which is indicated by [what follows]) —
[80:37]
every person that day will have a matter to preoccupy him, a predicament to distract him from the affairs of others, in other words, every person will be preoccupied with his own self.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 4 entries

Ayat 38, 39

وُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ مُّسْفِرَةٌۭ.(38)

ضَاحِكَةٌۭ مُّسْتَبْشِرَةٌۭ.(39)

[It is recorded] in honored sheets,(13) [Abasa: 38, 39]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80-38]
On that day some faces will be shining, radiant,
[80-39]
laughing, joyous, happy — these are the believers.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 6 entries

Ayat 40, 41, 42

وَوُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌۭ.(40)

تَرْهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ.(41)

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْكَفَرَةُ ٱلْفَجَرَةُ.(42)

Exalted and purified,(14) [Abasa: 40, 41, 42]

Understanding of the Ayah Tafseer · Jalalain

[80-40]
And some faces on that day will be covered with dust,
[80-41]
overcast, covered, with gloom, darkness and blackness.
[80-42]
Those, the people of this predicament, are the disbelievers, the profligates, those who have combined disbelief with profligacy. Meccan, consisting of 29 verses.

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References

  1. Tafseer — Jalalain
  2. Translation — Sahih International
  3. Hadith collections — 4 entries

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